Understanding the effects of dietary components on the gut microbiome and human health

The gut microbiome is the complex microbial ecosystem found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. It plays a vital role in host development, physiology and metabolism, and has been implicated as a factor in brain function, behavior, mental health, and many disease states. While many f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFood science and biotechnology Vol. 29; no. 11; pp. 1463 - 1474
Main Authors Rackerby, Bryna, Kim, Hyun Jung, Dallas, David C., Park, Si Hong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Singapore Springer Singapore 01.11.2020
Springer Nature B.V
한국식품과학회
Subjects
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composition
Diet
Digestive system
Digestive tract
Environmental changes
Environmental factors
Food Science
Gastrointestinal system
Gastrointestinal tract
Genetics
Health promotion
Mental health
Metabolism
Microbiomes
Micronutrients
Microorganisms
Nutrient requirements
Nutrition
식품과학
Micronutrient
Diet
Health
Gut microbiome
Macronutrient
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Summary:The gut microbiome is the complex microbial ecosystem found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. It plays a vital role in host development, physiology and metabolism, and has been implicated as a factor in brain function, behavior, mental health, and many disease states. While many factors, including host genetics and environmental factors, contribute to the composition of the gut microbiome, diet plays a large role. Microorganisms differ in their nutrient requirements, and alterations in host dietary composition can have strong impacts on the microbial inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract. The health implications of these dietary and microbial changes are relevant as various global populations consume diets comprised of different macronutrient ratios, and many diets promote alterations to recommended macronutrient ratios to promote health. This review will outline the ways in which specific macro- and micronutrients impact the gut microbiome and host health.
ISSN:1226-7708
2092-6456
DOI:10.1007/s10068-020-00811-w