Adolescent elite skiers with and without cam morphology did change their hip joint range of motion with 2 years follow-up

• Published in: Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA Vol. 27; no. 10; pp. 3149 - 3157
• Main Authors: Abrahamson, Josefin, Aminoff, Anna Swärd, Todd, Carl, Agnvall, Cecilia, Thoreson, Olof, Jónasson, Pall, Karlsson, Jón, Baranto, Adad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.10.2019; John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Subjects: Adolescent; Alpine environments; Articular; Athletes; Female; Femoracetabular Impingement - diagnostic imaging; Femoracetabular Impingement - pathology; Femoroacetabular impingement; Follow-Up Studies; Hip; Hip joint; Hip Joint - pathology; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae - diagnostic imaging; Lumbar Vertebrae - physiopathology; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Morphology; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Orthopaedics; Orthopedics; Ortopedi; Patient Positioning; Physical Examination; Range of motion; Range of Motion, Articular; Resonance; Rotation; Sitting Position; Skiing; Spine; Spine (lumbar); Young Adult; Hip joint; Range of motion; Magnetic resonance imaging; Femoroacetabular impingement; Articular; Athletes; Follow-up studies
• ISSN: 0942-2056; 1433-7347; 1433-7347
• DOI: 10.1007/s00167-018-5010-7

Purpose To investigate how range of motion of the hips and the lumbar spine are affected by continued elite, alpine skiing in young subjects, with and without a magnetic resonance imaging verified cam morphology, in a 2-year follow-up study. The hypothesis is that skiers with cam morphology will show a decrease in hip joint range of motion as compared with skiers without cam, after a 2-year follow-up. Method Thirty adolescent elite alpine skiers were examined at the baseline (mean age 17.3 ± 0.7 years) and after 2 years. All skiers were examined for the presence of cam morphology ( α -angle > 55°) using magnetic resonance imaging at the baseline. Clinical examinations of range of motion in standing lumbar flexion and extension, supine hip flexion, internal rotation, FABER test and sitting internal rotation and external rotation were performed both at the baseline and after 2 years. Results Skiers with and without cam morphology showed a significant decrease from baseline to follow-up in both hips for supine internal rotation (right: mean − 13.3° and − 10.9° [ P  < 0.001]; left: mean − 7.6° [ P  = 0.004] and − 7.9° [ P  = 0.02]), sitting internal rotation (right: mean − 9.6° and − 6.3° [ P  < 0.001]; left: mean − 7.6° [ P  = 0.02] and − 3.3° [ P  = 0.008]) and sitting external rotation (right: mean − 16.9° and − 11.4° and left: mean − 17.9° and − 14.5° [ P  < 0.001]) and were shown to have an increased left hip flexion (mean + 8.4° and + 4.6° [ P  = 0.004]). Skiers with cam were also shown to have an increased right hip flexion (mean + 6.4° [ P  = 0.037]). Differences were found between cam and no-cam skiers from baseline to follow-up in the sitting internal rotation in both hips (right: mean 3.25°, left: mean 4.27° [ P  < 0.001]), the right hip flexion (mean 6.02° [ P  = 0.045]) and lumbar flexion (mean − 1.21°, [ P  = 0.009]). Conclusion Young, elite alpine skiers with cam morphology decreased their internal rotation in sitting position as compared with skiers without the cam morphology after 2 years of continued elite skiing. Level of evidence II.