The Validity of the Energy Expenditure Criteria Based on Open Source Code through two Inertial Sensors

Through this study, we developed and validated a system for energy expenditure calculation, which only requires low-cost inertial sensors and open source R software. Five healthy subjects ran at ten different speeds while their kinematic variables were recorded on the thigh and wrist. Two ActiGraph...

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Published inSensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 22; no. 7; p. 2552
Main Authors Martín-Martín, Jaime, Wang, Li, De-Torres, Irene, Escriche-Escuder, Adrian, González-Sánchez, Manuel, Muro-Culebras, Antonio, Roldán-Jiménez, Cristina, Ruiz-Muñoz, María, Mayoral-Cleries, Fermín, Biró, Attila, Tang, Wen, Nikolova, Borjanka, Salvatore, Alfredo, Cuesta-Vargas, Antonio I.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 26.03.2022
MDPI
Subjects
Accelerometers
Accelerometry - methods
Analysis
Design
Energy consumption
energy expenditure
Energy Metabolism
Fitness equipment
Humans
inertial sensors
Lower Extremity
open source R
Public software
run
Sensors
Smartwatches
Software
validation
walk
Wearable computers
Wrist
Spain
equations
assessment
open source R
inertial sensors
run
energy expenditure
validation
walk
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Summary:Through this study, we developed and validated a system for energy expenditure calculation, which only requires low-cost inertial sensors and open source R software. Five healthy subjects ran at ten different speeds while their kinematic variables were recorded on the thigh and wrist. Two ActiGraph wireless inertial sensors and a low-cost Bluetooth-based inertial sensor (Lis2DH12), assembled by SensorID, were used. Ten energy expenditure equations were automatically calculated in a developed open source R software (our own creation). A correlation analysis was used to compare the results of the energy expenditure equations. A high interclass correlation coefficient of estimated energy expenditure on the thigh and wrist was observed with an Actigraph and Sensor ID accelerometer; the corrected Freedson equation showed the highest values, and the Santos-Lozano vector magnitude equation and Sasaki equation demonstrated the lowest one. Energy expenditure was compared between the wrist and thigh and showed low correlation values. Despite the positive results obtained, it was necessary to design specific equations for the estimation of energy expenditure measured with inertial sensors on the thigh. The use of the same formula equation in two different placements did not report a positive interclass correlation coefficient.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
ISSN:1424-8220
1424-8220
DOI:10.3390/s22072552