Ethyl-3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate with a Dual Function of Induction of Osteogenic Differentiation and Inhibition of Osteoclast Differentiation for Bone Tissue Engineering

• Published in: Tissue engineering. Part A Vol. 20; no. 21-22; pp. 2975 - 2984
• Main Authors: Kwon, Byeong-Ju, Lee, Mi Hee, Koo, Min-Ah, Han, Jae-Jin, Park, Jong-Chul
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Mary Ann Liebert, Inc 01.11.2014
• Subjects: 3T3 Cells; Animals; Biomedical materials; Bone Development - drug effects; Bone Development - physiology; Bones; Cell culture; Cell Differentiation - drug effects; Cell Differentiation - physiology; Cells, Cultured; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene expression; Hydroxybenzoates - administration & dosage; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - administration & dosage; Mice; Original; Original Articles; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - drug effects; Osteoblasts - physiology; Osteoclasts - cytology; Osteoclasts - drug effects; Osteoclasts - physiology; Osteogenesis - drug effects; Osteogenesis - physiology; Tissue engineering; Tissue Engineering - methods
• ISSN: 1937-3341; 1937-335X
• DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0567

The current approach in biomaterial design of bone implants is to induce in situ regeneration of bone tissue, thus improving integration of the implants and reducing their failure. Therefore, ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (EDHB), which stimulates differentiation of osteoblasts and the resultant bone formation, should be studied. In this study, the osteoinductive ability of EDHB in preosteoblasts and human mesenchymal stem cells was examined. EDHB for future use in bone tissue engineering was evaluated by examination of early markers of differentiation (such as alkaline phosphatase [ALP] activity and collagen type I expression) and late markers of osteoblast differentiation (bone nodule formation). As bone remodeling and implant osteointegration depend not only on osteoblast response but also on interaction of the biomaterial with bone-resorbing osteoclasts, differentiation of osteoclasts in response to the compounds was also observed. For in vivo study, alginate gel comprised of EDHB and cells was transplanted into the back subcutis of mice. Our results show that EDHB might have beneficial effects through regulation of both osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, we suggest that EDHB could be a strong candidate for dual regulation to increase osteoblast differentiation and decrease osteoclast differentiation.