The Role of Genetics, Epigenetics, and the Environment in ASD: A Mini Review

• Published in: Epigenomes Vol. 6; no. 2; p. 15
• Main Authors: Khogeer, Asim A., AboMansour, Iman S., Mohammed, Dia A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 19.06.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Analysis; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Autism; autism spectrum disorder; Comorbidity; DNA methylation; Epigenetic inheritance; Epigenetics; Etiology; Families & family life; Gene expression; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetic engineering; genetics; Genomes; molecular mechanisms; Mutation; Pervasive developmental disorders; Proteins; rare variants; Review; Risk factors; Siblings; Twins; Saudi Arabia; rare variants; molecular mechanisms; genetics; DNA methylation; autism spectrum disorder; epigenetics; common variants
• ISSN: 2075-4655; 2075-4655
• DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes6020015

According to recent findings, variances in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk factors might be determined by several factors, including molecular genetic variants. Accumulated evidence has also revealed the important role of biological and chemical pathways in ASD aetiology. In this paper, we assess several reviews with regard to their quality of evidence and provide a brief outline of the presumed mechanisms of the genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors of ASD. We also review some of the critical literature, which supports the basis of each factor in the underlying and specific risk patterns of ASD. Finally, we consider some of the implications of recent research regarding potential molecular targets for future investigations.