Genes, environment and immunity in the development of rheumatoid arthritis

The combined role of genes, environment and immunity in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been the subject of recent investigations. New data support a gene–environment interaction between smoking and the MHC class II HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) genes in anti-citrulline antibody (ant...

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Published inCurrent Opinion in Immunology Vol. 18; no. 6; pp. 650 - 655
Main Authors Klareskog, Lars, Padyukov, Leonid, Rönnelid, Johan, Alfredsson, Lars
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2006
Subjects
Animals
Arthritis, Rheumatoid - genetics
Arthritis, Rheumatoid - immunology
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
MEDICIN
MEDICINE
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ISSN0952-7915
1879-0372
1879-0372
1365-2567
DOI10.1016/j.coi.2006.06.004

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Summary:The combined role of genes, environment and immunity in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been the subject of recent investigations. New data support a gene–environment interaction between smoking and the MHC class II HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) genes in anti-citrulline antibody (anti-CP +) RA but not in anti-CP − disease. These data from genetic epidemiology, together with information on citrullination in the lungs of smokers, have prompted the formulation of a new etiological hypothesis for anti-CP + RA, suggesting that smoking in the context of HLA-DR SE might trigger immunity to citrulline-modified proteins and that this immunity, after several years, might cause arthritis.
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ISSN:0952-7915
1879-0372
1879-0372
1365-2567
DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2006.06.004