Correlation between cerebral microbleeds and S100B/RAGE in acute lacunar stroke patients

• Published in: Journal of the neurological sciences Vol. 340; no. 1; pp. 208 - 212
• Main Authors: Xiao, Lulu, Sun, Wen, Lan, Wenya, Xiong, Yunyun, Duan, Zuowei, Zhang, Zongjun, Fan, Wenping, Xu, Lili, Xie, Xia, Ma, Nan, Ye, Ruidong, Xu, Gelin, Liu, Xinfeng, Zhu, Wusheng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.05.2014
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cerebral Hemorrhage - blood; Cerebral Hemorrhage - complications; Cerebral microbleeds; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Lacunar stroke; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neurology; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; Receptors, Immunologic - blood; Risk Factors; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit - blood; S100B; Small vessel disease; sRAGE; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stroke, Lacunar - blood; Stroke, Lacunar - complications; Susceptibility-weighted imaging; Susceptibility-weighted imaging; Cerebral microbleeds; sRAGE; Small vessel disease; S100B; Lacunar stroke
• ISSN: 0022-510X; 1878-5883
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.006

Abstract Background and purpose S100B and its scavenger, soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), participate in various acute and chronic brain disorders. However, their impact on hemorrhage-prone small vessel disease represented by cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of CMBs with plasma S100B and sRAGE. Methods A cohort of 147 consecutive patients with first-ever acute lacunar stroke was prospectively enrolled. We collected demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, including plasma levels of S100B and sRAGE, and presence and number of CMBs using susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI). Associations between plasma S100B, sRAGE levels and the presence, number, and location of CMBs were determined. Results CMBs were present in 58 patients (39.5%). Each 1SD-increase in S100B and sRAGE levels was significantly associated with presence of CMBs (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.81–5.17 and adjusted OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.16–0.53; respectively) and number of CMBs (adjusted relative risk [RR], 4.07; 95% CI, 3.60–5.65 for S100B and RR 0.34; 95% CI, 0.25–0.46 for sRAGE). When stratified by location, plasma S100B and sRAGE levels were similarly associated with presence of deep CMBs (adjusted OR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.99–6.69 and adjusted OR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.12–0.46; respectively), but not with strictly lobar CMBs. Conclusions Higher levels of S100B and lower levels of sRAGE are independently associated with presence and number of CMBs in patients with first-ever acute lacunar stroke, particularly in those with deep CMBs.