HRDepthNet: Depth Image-Based Marker-Less Tracking of Body Joints

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 21; no. 4; p. 1356
• Main Authors: Büker, Linda Christin, Zuber, Finnja, Hein, Andreas, Fudickar, Sebastian
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI 14.02.2021; MDPI AG
• Subjects: 5 × SST; Aged; Color; depth camera; go” test; Humans; Joints; Machine Learning; marker-less tracking; Postural Balance; Time and Motion Studies; timed “up & TUG; marker-less tracking; timed “up & TUG; 5 × SST; go” test; depth camera; machine learning; algorithm
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21041356

With approaches for the detection of joint positions in color images such as HRNet and OpenPose being available, consideration of corresponding approaches for depth images is limited even though depth images have several advantages over color images like robustness to light variation or color- and texture invariance. Correspondingly, we introduce High- Resolution Depth Net (HRDepthNet)—a machine learning driven approach to detect human joints (body, head, and upper and lower extremities) in purely depth images. HRDepthNet retrains the original HRNet for depth images. Therefore, a dataset is created holding depth (and RGB) images recorded with subjects conducting the timed up and go test—an established geriatric assessment. The images were manually annotated RGB images. The training and evaluation were conducted with this dataset. For accuracy evaluation, detection of body joints was evaluated via COCO’s evaluation metrics and indicated that the resulting depth image-based model achieved better results than the HRNet trained and applied on corresponding RGB images. An additional evaluation of the position errors showed a median deviation of 1.619 cm (x-axis), 2.342 cm (y-axis) and 2.4 cm (z-axis).