Synthesis of gemifloxacin conjugated silver nanoparticles, their amplified bacterial efficacy against human pathogen and their morphological study via TEM analysis

• Published in: Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology Vol. 49; no. 1; pp. 661 - 671
• Main Authors: Ahmad, Touqeer, Mahbood, Fazal, Sarwar, Rizwana, Iqbal, Ayesha, Khan, Majid, Muhammad, Sayyar, AL-Riyami, Khamis, Hussain, Nusrat, Uddin, Jalal, Khan, Ajmal, Al-Harrasi, Ahmed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 01.01.2021; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Amplification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; antibiofilm; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Bioaccumulation; Cell membranes; Cell morphology; Controlled release; Cytotoxicity; Drug delivery; Drug resistance; Fourier analysis; Fourier transforms; Gemifloxacin; Gentian violet; Humans; Infrared analysis; Infrared spectroscopy; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Metal surfaces; Methicillin; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Morphology; Nanoparticles; Pathogens; Plant Extracts - chemistry; plasmon resonance; Proteus mirabilis; Silver; Silver - chemistry; Silver - pharmacology; silver nanoparticles; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus infections; TEM; Transmission electron microscopy; Urease; Gemifloxacin; plasmon resonance; silver nanoparticles; antibiofilm; TEM
• ISSN: 2169-1401; 2169-141X
• DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.2003805

Drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) allow specific accumulation and controlled release of drugs to infected tissues with minimal cytotoxicity. In this study, gemifloxacin conjugated silver nanoparticles (Gemi-AgNPs) were synthesized, and the amplification of their antibacterial potential against the human pathogen as well as their stability was monitored under physiological conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the interaction between -NH 2 and -OH functional moiety and the metal surface. The morphological analyses via transmission electron microscopy revealed that Gemi-AgNPs has a round oval shape and average particle size of 22.23 ± 2 nm. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of these NPS showed that Gemi-AgNPs exhibit excellent antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition activity against human pathogens, namely, Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A significant increase in the antibiofilm activity of Gemi-AgNPs was confirmed by crystal violet, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining, and microscopic analysis. Gemi-AgNPs exhibited the ability to inhibit urease with an IC 50 value of 57.4 ± 0.72 µg/mL. The changes in the bacterial cell morphology were analyzed via TEM, which revealed that cell membranes disrupted and completely destroyed the cell morphology by the treatment of Gemi-AgNPs.