Effects of portal hypertension on responsiveness of rat mesenteric artery and aorta

• Published in: British journal of pharmacology Vol. 114; no. 4; pp. 791 - 796
• Main Authors: Cawley, Teresa, Geraghty, J., Osborne, H., Docherty, J.R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.02.1995; Nature Publishing
• Subjects: 15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; acetylcholine; Animals; Aorta - drug effects; Aorta - physiology; Arginine - analogs & derivatives; Arginine - pharmacology; Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension; Biological and medical sciences; Blood and lymphatic vessels; Blood Pressure; Cardiology. Vascular system; Decerebrate State; Endothelium, Vascular - drug effects; Endothelium, Vascular - physiology; endothelium‐dependent relaxations; Experimental diseases; Hypertension, Portal - physiopathology; Male; Medical sciences; Mesenteric Arteries - drug effects; Mesenteric Arteries - physiology; mesenteric artery; Microspheres; Muscle Contraction - drug effects; Muscle Relaxation - drug effects; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular - drug effects; NG‐monomethyl‐l‐arginine (l‐NMMA); noradrenaline; Norepinephrine - administration & dosage; Norepinephrine - pharmacology; omega-N-Methylarginine; Portal hypertension; Portal Vein - physiology; Potassium Chloride - administration & dosage; Potassium Chloride - pharmacology; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic - administration & dosage; Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic - pharmacology; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Thromboxane A2 - administration & dosage; Thromboxane A2 - analogs & derivatives; Thromboxane A2 - pharmacology; U46619; Vasoconstrictor Agents - administration & dosage; Vasoconstrictor Agents - pharmacology; Animal model; Rat; Rodentia; Cardiovascular disease; Smooth muscle; Muscle contraction; Endothelium; Vertebrata; Mesenteric artery; Experimental disease; Mammalia; Animal; Blood vessel; Portal hypertension; Aorta
• ISSN: 0007-1188; 1476-5381
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb13274.x

1 We have examined the effects of pre‐hepatic portal hypertension on the responsiveness of rat small mesenteric arteries and aorta. Rats were made portal hypertensive by creating a calibrated portal vein stenosis, or sham‐operated. 2 In rat mesenteric arteries, there was no significant difference between portal hypertensive and sham‐operated animals in the contractile potency of noradrenaline (NA), but the maximum contractile responses to NA, U46619 and KCl were significantly increased in vessels from portal hypertensive animals. This altered maximum contractile response was not due to alterations in smooth muscle mass. 3 In rat mesenteric arteries, there were no significant differences between portal hypertensive and sham‐operated animals in endothelium‐dependent relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh). The difference between portal hypertensive and sham‐operated rats in the maximum response to U46619 was maintained following a combination of methylene blue (1 μm) and NG‐monomethyl‐l‐arginine (100 μm), suggesting that any differences in endothelial function do not explain differences in the response to vasoconstrictors. 4 In rat aorta, there were no significant differences between portal hypertensive and sham‐operated animals in the contractile response to NA or KCl or in the endothelium‐dependent relaxations to ACh. 5 In pithed rats, there was no difference between portal hypertensive and sham‐operated animals in the pressor potency of NA. 6 It is concluded that portal hypertension produces an increase in the contractile response to the vasoconstrictors NA, U46619 and KCl in rat mesenteric arteries but not in the aorta. This suggests that the diminished responsiveness to vasoconstrictors reported in portal hypertensive rats in vivo is not due to a diminished responsiveness at the level of the vascular smooth muscle.