Diagnostic Performance of a Magnetic Field-Enhanced Agglutination Readout in Detecting Either Viral Genomes or Host Antibodies in Arbovirus Infection

• Published in: Microorganisms (Basel) Vol. 9; no. 4; p. 674
• Main Authors: Leon, Fanny, Pinchon, Elena, Temurok, Nevzat, Morvan, François, Vasseur, Jean-Jacques, Clot, Martine, Foulongne, Vincent, Cantaloube, Jean-François, Vande Perre, Philippe, Molès, Jean-Pierre, Daynès, Aurélien, Fournier-Wirth, Chantal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 24.03.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Agglutination; Antibodies; Antigens; arbovirus; Biotechnology; Biotin; Blood & organ donations; Brief Report; Dengue fever; DNA probes; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Epidemiology; Genomes; Human health and pathology; Immunology; Infections; Infectious diseases; innovative diagnostic; Life Sciences; magnetic agglutination; Magnetic fields; Microbiology and Parasitology; Nanoparticles; Plasma; Polyethylene glycol; Polymerase chain reaction; Sensitivity; Serology; Signal processing; Surfactants; Turbidimetry; Vaccines; Vector-borne diseases; viral genomes; Virology; Viruses; West Nile virus; Zika virus; France; United States > US; Germany; viral genomes; antibodies; innovative diagnostic; nanoparticles; arbovirus; magnetic agglutination; Nanoparticles; Innovative diagnostic; Viral genomes; Antibodies; Arbovirus; Magnetic agglutination
• ISSN: 2076-2607; 2076-2607
• DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040674

Arbovirus diagnostics on blood from donors and travelers returning from endemic areas is increasingly important for better patient management and epidemiological surveillance. We developed a flexible approach based on a magnetic field-enhanced agglutination (MFEA) readout to detect either genomes or host-derived antibodies. Dengue viruses (DENVs) were selected as models. For genome detection, a pan-flavivirus amplification was performed before capture of biotinylated amplicons between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) grafted with DENV probes and anti-biotin antibodies. Magnetization cycles accelerated this chaining process to within 5 min while simple turbidimetry measured the signal. This molecular MFEA readout was evaluated on 43 DENV RNA(+) and 32 DENV RNA(-) samples previously screened by real-time RT-PCR. The sensitivity and the specificity were 88.37% (95% CI, 78.76%-97.95%) and 96.87% (95% CI, 90.84%-100%), respectively. For anti-DENV antibody detection, 103 plasma samples from donors were first screened using ELISA assays. An immunological MFEA readout was then performed by adding MNPs grafted with viral antigens to the samples. Anti-DENV antibodies were detected with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.62% (95% CI, 83.50%-97.76%) and 97.44% (95% CI, 92.48%-100%), respectively. This adaptable approach offers flexibility to platforms dedicated to the screening of emerging infections.