An anti-inflammatory dietary intervention to reduce breast cancer recurrence risk: Study design and baseline data

• Published in: Contemporary clinical trials Vol. 57; pp. 1 - 7
• Main Authors: Ramirez, Amelie G, Parma, Dorothy Long, Muñoz, Edgar, Mendoza, Kristin D, Harb, Crystel, Holden, Alan E.C, Wargovich, Michael
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Adipose Tissue - cytology; Biomarker; Biomarkers - blood; Body Mass Index; Breast cancer survivors; Breast Neoplasms - diet therapy; Breast Neoplasms - prevention & control; C-Reactive Protein - analysis; Cardiovascular; Cell Count; Female; Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine; Humans; Inflammation; Interleukin-10 - blood; Interleukins - blood; Middle Aged; Motivational Interviewing; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - prevention & control; Obesity; Secondary Prevention - methods; Stromal Cells; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - blood; Obesity; Biomarker; Inflammation; Breast cancer survivors
• ISSN: 1551-7144; 1559-2030
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2017.03.009

Abstract U.S. breast cancer survivors (BCSs) are expected to increase to 4 million in the next 5–10 years. Cancer recurrence risk is highest among obese survivors. Inflammatory (Pro-I) biomarkers including C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukins -3, -6, and -8 (IL-3, IL-6, IL-8), and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)–α have been associated with cancer recurrence risk. Nutritional interventions aimed at reducing inflammation (INF) may contribute to reduced cancer recurrence risk, but studies have been limited to animal models. The goals of this one-year, culinary-based, pilot intervention were to: 1) decrease Pro-I biomarkers and increase anti-inflammatory (AI) cytokine, IL-10, by promoting AI food incorporation into BCS diets; and 2) examine intervention effects on cancer risk factors including body mass index (BMI) and circulating adipose stromal cells (ASCs). A total of 153 BCSs were recruited. Overweight and obese women aged 18 or older were randomized into Intervention (IG; n = 76) and Control (CG; n = 77) groups. CG received monthly nutritional brochures from the American Institute for Cancer Research. IG attended 6 monthly workshops (lectures on AI topics and chef-prepared food demonstrations), and received monthly newsletters and telephone calls incorporating Motivational Interviewing. At baseline, 6- and 12-month assessments, fasting serum was assayed for Pro-I/AI marker and ASC levels. Using R and Stata version 14 (Stata Corp, 2015), no significant differences were found between groups on baseline demographic variables. Correlations between serum cytokine levels, BMI, % body fat, ASCs, and self-reported variables are discussed.