Advances in inducing adaptive immunity using cell-based cancer vaccines: clinical applications in pancreatic cancer

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 22; no. 18; pp. 4446 - 4458
• Main Authors: Kajihara, Mikio, Takakura, Kazuki, Kanai, Tomoya, Ito, Zensho, Matsumoto, Yoshihiro, Shimodaira, Shigetaka, Okamoto, Masato, Ohkusa, Toshifumi, Koido, Shigeo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 14.05.2016
• Subjects: Adaptive Immunity; Animals; Antibodies - therapeutic use; Antigens, Neoplasm - genetics; Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Cancer Vaccines - adverse effects; Cancer Vaccines - genetics; Cancer Vaccines - immunology; Cancer Vaccines - therapeutic use; cancer;Dendritic; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - drug therapy; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - genetics; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - immunology; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal - pathology; Cell Transplantation - adverse effects; Cell Transplantation - methods; cell;Cancer; cell;whole; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - transplantation; Genetic Therapy - adverse effects; Genetic Therapy - methods; Humans; lymphocyte; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating - immunology; Pancreatic; Pancreatic Neoplasms - drug therapy; Pancreatic Neoplasms - genetics; Pancreatic Neoplasms - immunology; Pancreatic Neoplasms - pathology; Topic Highlight; Treatment Outcome; tumor; Tumor Escape; Tumor Microenvironment; vaccine;Cytotoxic; Dendritic cell; Cancer vaccine; Whole tumor cell; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte; Pancreatic cancer
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i18.4446

The incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA) is on the rise, and the prognosis is extremely poor because PDA is highly aggressive and notoriously difficult to treat. Although gemcitabine- or 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy is typically offered as a standard of care, most patients do not survive longer than 1 year. Therefore, the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for patients with PDA is imperative. As PDA cells express numerous tumor-associated antigens that are suitable vaccine targets, one promising treatment approach is cancer vaccines. During the last few decades, cell-based cancer vaccines have offered encouraging results in preclinical studies. Cell-based cancer vaccines are mainly generated by presenting whole tumor cells or dendritic cells to cells of the immune system. In particular, several clinical trials have explored cell-based cancer vaccines as a promising therapeutic approach for patients with PDA. Moreover, chemotherapy and cancer vaccines can synergize to result in increased efficacies in patients with PDA. In this review, we will discuss both the effect of cell-based cancer vaccines and advances in terms of future strategies of cancer vaccines for the treatment of PDA patients.