Simultaneous Determination of 6-Shogaol and 6-Gingerol in Various Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts and Commercial Formulations Using a Green RP-HPTLC-Densitometry Method

• Published in: Foods Vol. 9; no. 8; p. 1136
• Main Authors: Foudah, Ahmed I, Shakeel, Faiyaz, Yusufoglu, Hasan S, Ross, Samir A, Alam, Prawez
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 18.08.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: 6-gingerol; 6-shogaol; Analytical chemistry; Analytical methods; Aquatic plants; Chemical properties; Chromatography; commercial formulation; Composition; Densitometers; Densitometry; Dietary supplements; Ethanol; Food science; Formulations; Ginger; ginger extract; Gingerol; green reversed phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC); High performance liquid chromatography; Identification and classification; Mathematical analysis; Methods; Plant extracts; Powder; Rhizomes; Scientific imaging; Silica; Silica gel; Silicon dioxide; simultaneous analysis; Thin layer chromatography; Ultrasonic imaging; Zingiber officinale; Israel; Saudi Arabia; Switzerland; Germany; India; 6-gingerol; simultaneous analysis; commercial formulation; green reversed phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC); ginger extract; 6-shogaol
• ISSN: 2304-8158; 2304-8158
• DOI: 10.3390/foods9081136

Various analytical methodologies have been reported for the determination of 6-shogaol (6-SHO) and 6-gingerol (6-GIN) in ginger extracts and commercial formulations. However, green analytical methods for the determination of 6-SHO and 6-GIN, either alone or in combination, have not yet been reported in literature. Hence, the present study was aimed to develop a rapid, simple, and cheaper green reversed phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (RP-HPTLC) densitometry method for the simultaneous determination of 6-SHO and 6-GIN in the traditional and ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas. The simultaneous analysis of 6-SHO and 6-GIN was carried out via RP-18 silica gel 60 F254S HPTLC plates. The mixture of green solvents, i.e., ethanol:water (6.5:3.5 ) was utilized as a mobile phase for the simultaneous analysis of 6-SHO and 6-GIN. The analysis of 6-SHO and 6-GIN was performed at λ = 200 nm for 6-SHO and 6-GIN. The densitograms of 6-SHO and 6-GIN from traditional and ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas were verified by obtaining their single band at R = 0.36 ± 0.01 for 6-SHO and R = 0.53 ± 0.01 for 6-GIN, compared to standard 6-SHO and 6-GIN. The green RP-HPTLC method was found to be linear, in the range of 100-700 ng/band with R = 0.9988 for 6-SHO and 50-600 ng/band with R = 0.9995 for 6-GIN. In addition, the method was recorded as "accurate, precise, robust and sensitive" for the simultaneous quantification of 6-SHO and 6-GIN in traditional and ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas. The amount of 6-SHO in traditional extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas was obtained as 12.1, 17.9, 10.5, and 9.6 mg/g of extract, respectively. However, the amount of 6-SHO in ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas were obtained as 14.6, 19.7, 11.6, and 10.7 mg/g of extract, respectively. The amount of 6-GIN in traditional extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas were found as 10.2, 15.1, 7.3, and 6.9 mg/g of extract, respectively. However, the amount of 6-GIN in ultrasonication-assisted extracts of ginger rhizome, commercial ginger powder, commercial capsules, and commercial ginger teas were obtained as 12.7, 17.8, 8.8, and 7.9 mg/g of extract, respectively. Overall, the results of this study indicated that the proposed analytical technique could be effectively used for the simultaneous quantification of 6-SHO and 6-GIN in a wide range of plant extracts and commercial formulations.