Involvement of Major Components from Sporothrix schenckii Cell Wall in the Caspase-1 Activation, Nitric Oxide and Cytokines Production During Experimental Sporotrichosis

• Published in: Mycopathologia (1975) Vol. 179; no. 1-2; pp. 21 - 30
• Main Authors: Gonçalves, Amanda Costa, Maia, Danielle Cardoso Geraldo, Ferreira, Lucas Souza, Monnazzi, Luis Gustavo Silva, Alegranci, Pâmela, Placeres, Marisa Campos Polesi, Batista-Duharte, Alexander, Carlos, Iracilda Zeppone
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.02.2015; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analysis; Animals; Apoptosis; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Caspase 1 - metabolism; Cell Wall; Cytokines; Defense; Enzyme Activation; Eukaryotic Microbiology; Fungi; Health aspects; Infection; Infections; Inflammasomes - immunology; Inflammation; Interferon-gamma - biosynthesis; Interleukin-17 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-18 - biosynthesis; Interleukin-1beta - biosynthesis; Life Sciences; Male; Medical Microbiology; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Microbial Ecology; Microbiology; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis; Pathogens; Pattern recognition; Plant Sciences; Proteins; Skin; Skin - microbiology; Skin - pathology; Sporothrix - immunology; Sporothrix schenckii; Sporotrichosis; Sporotrichosis - immunology; Cytokines; Nitric oxide; Caspase-1
• ISSN: 0301-486X; 1573-0832
• DOI: 10.1007/s11046-014-9810-0

Sporotrichosis is a chronic infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii , involving all layers of skin and the subcutaneous tissue. The role of innate immune toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in the defense against this fungus has been reported, but so far, there were no studies on the effect of cell wall major components over the cytosolic oligo-merization domain (NOD)-like receptors, important regulators of inflammation and responsible for the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18, whose functions are dependents of the caspase-1 activation, that can participate of inflammasome. It was evaluated the percentage of activation of caspase-1, the production of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-17, IFN-γ and nitric oxide in a Balb/c model of S. schenckii infection. It was observed a decreased activity of caspase-1 during the fourth and sixth weeks of infection accompanied by reduced secretion of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-17 and high production of nitric oxide. IFN-γ levels were elevated during the entire time course of infection. This temporal reduction in caspase-1 activity coincides exactly with the reported period of fungal burden associated with a transitory immunosuppression induced by this fungus and detected in similar infection models. These results indicate the importance of interaction between caspase-1, cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the host defense against S. schenckii infection, suggesting a participation the inflammasome in this response.