Cycleave polymerase chain reaction method is practically applicable for V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)/V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) genotyping in colorectal cancer

• Published in: Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine Vol. 156; no. 2; pp. 98 - 105
• Main Authors: Yokota, Tomoya, Shibata, Noriko, Ura, Takashi, Takahari, Daisuke, Shitara, Kohei, Muro, Kei, Yatabe, Yasushi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Mosby, Inc 01.08.2010; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Biological and medical sciences; Colorectal Neoplasms - genetics; DNA Primers; Gene Amplification; General aspects; Genes, ras - genetics; Genotype; Humans; Infectious diseases; Internal Medicine; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Medical sciences; Mice; Proto-Oncogene Proteins - genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); ras Proteins - genetics; Rats; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Sarcoma, Experimental - genetics; Viral diseases; colorectal cancer; IHC; tyrosine kinase; RT-PCR-DS; BRAF; E-GFR; V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog; antiepidermal growth factor receptor; COSMIC; V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1; CRC; catalog of somatic mutations in cancer; TK; KRAS; immunohistochemistry; PCR; polymerase chain reaction; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction-coupled direct sequencing; Rectal disease; Methodology; Rat; Colorectal cancer; K ras Gene; BRAF Gene; Clinical biology; Intestinal disease; Protooncogene; Sarcoma; Rodentia; Genotype; Method; Malignant tumor; Infection; Colonic disease; Medicine; Polymerase chain reaction; Virus; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Mouse; Animal; C-Onc gene; Viral disease; Digestive diseases; Onc gene; Cancer
• ISSN: 1931-5244; 1878-1810
• DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2010.05.007

Activating V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and V-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) gene mutations are important predictive markers for antiepidermal growth factor receptor chemotherapy in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a rapid and accurate assay for KRAS/BRAF mutation detection from routine pathological specimens is lacking in clinical practice. We applied the cycleave polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to routine KRAS/BRAF genotyping of CRC patients at our institution from 2001 to 2009. The accuracy of cycleave PCR genotyping was shown by the high concordance with reverse transcriptase-PCR-coupled direct sequencing. KRAS gene mutations were analyzed successfully from small biopsy or cytology specimens. Although some surgical specimens could not be evaluated by cycleave PCR, corresponding biopsy specimens could be used instead. This PCR failure observed for some biopsy specimens may have been a result of the use of formalin fixation, as overfixation of surgical specimens by formalin impaired PCR amplification. In conclusion, cycleave PCR is practically applicable to KRAS/BRAF genotyping using small amounts of biopsied tumor cells. Care must be taken in the selection of pathological specimens for KRAS/BRAF testing.