Interaction of obesity and inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that is thought to result from a combination of genetic, immunologic and environmental factors. The incidence of IBD has been increasing in recent decades, especially in developing and developed nations, and this...

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Published inWorld journal of gastroenterology : WJG Vol. 22; no. 35; pp. 7868 - 7881
Main Authors Harper, Jason W, Zisman, Timothy L
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 21.09.2016
Subjects
Adipokines - metabolism
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Bariatric Surgery
Body Mass Index
Comorbidity
Humans
Incidence
Inflammation
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - complications
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - epidemiology
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - surgery
Life Style
Obesity - complications
Obesity - drug therapy
Obesity - epidemiology
Obesity - surgery
Prevalence
Review
Risk Factors
Treatment Outcome
Inflammatory bowel disease
Body mass index
Obesity
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
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Summary:Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that is thought to result from a combination of genetic, immunologic and environmental factors. The incidence of IBD has been increasing in recent decades, especially in developing and developed nations, and this is hypothesized to be in part related to the change in dietary and lifestyle factors associated with modernization. The prevalence of obesity has risen in parallel with the rise in IBD, suggesting a possible shared environmental link between these two conditions. Studies have shown that obesity impacts disease development and response to therapy in patients with IBD and other autoimmune conditions. The observation that adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory adipokines provides a potential mechanism for the observed epidemiologic links between obesity and IBD, and this has developed into an active area of investigative inquiry. Additionally, emerging evidence highlights a role for the intestinal microbiota in the development of both obesity and IBD, representing another potential mechanistic connection between the two conditions. In this review we discuss the epidemiology of obesity and IBD, possible pathophysiologic links, and the clinical impact of obesity on IBD disease course and implications for management.
Bibliography:Jason W Harper;Timothy L Zisman;Department of Gastroenterology, Swedish Medical Center;Timothy L Zisman, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington Medical Center
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Author contributions: Harper JW and Zisman TL contributed equally to the preparation of this manuscript, including review of the literature, drafting of the manuscript, critical revision and approval of the final version to be published.
Correspondence to: Timothy L Zisman, MD, MPH, Associate Professor of Medicine, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific St., Box 356424, Seattle, WA 98195, United States. tzisman@medicine.washington.edu
Telephone: +1-206-6857174 Fax: +1-206-6858684
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7868