HRT preserves increases in bone mineral density and reductions in body fat after a supervised exercise program

• Published in: Journal of applied physiology (1985) Vol. 84; no. 5; pp. 1506 - 1512
• Main Authors: Kohrt, Wendy M, Ehsani, Ali A, Birge, Stanley J., Jr
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Am Physiological Soc 01.05.1998; American Physiological Society
• Subjects: Aged; Biological and medical sciences; Body Composition - drug effects; Body Weight - drug effects; Bone Density - drug effects; Energy Intake - drug effects; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Exercise - physiology; Female; Hormones. Endocrine system; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Obesity - therapy; Osteocalcin - blood; Osteoporosis - therapy; Oxygen Consumption - physiology; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Postmenopause - physiology; Space life sciences; Physical exercise; Human; Replacement therapy; Adipose tissue; Estrogen; Density; Inorganic element; Ovarian hormone; Body composition; Osteoarticular system; Prevention; Osteoporosis; Chemotherapy; Postmenopause; Female; Combined treatment; Bone; Progesterone; Sex steroid hormone
• ISSN: 8750-7587; 1522-1601
• DOI: 10.1152/jappl.1998.84.5.1506

Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110 The aims of this study were to confirm our previous finding that hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) augments exercise-induced increases in bone mineral density (BMD) in older women and to determine whether HRT preserves the adaptations when exercise is reduced or discontinued. The study included an 11-mo treatment phase and a 6-mo follow-up phase. Participants, aged 66 ± 3 yr, were assigned to control (Con; n  = 10), exercise (Ex; n  = 18), HRT ( n  = 10), and Ex+HRT ( n  = 16) groups. HRT was continued during the follow-up. After the treatment phase, changes in total body BMD were 0.5 ± 1.7, 1.5 ± 1.4, 1.2 ± 0.8, and 2.7 ± 1.2% in Con, Ex, HRT, and Ex+HRT, respectively. Ex+HRT was more effective than HRT in increasing BMD of the total body and tended ( P  = 0.08) to be more effective at the lumbar spine. Ex+HRT was more effective than Ex in increasing BMD of the total body, lumbar spine, and trochanter. Exercise-induced gains in BMD were preserved during the follow-up only in those individuals on HRT. HRT also attenuated fat accumulation, particularly in the abdominal region, after the exercise program. These findings suggest that HRT is an important adjunct to exercise for the prevention not only of osteoporosis but also of diseases related to abdominal obesity. bone density; estrogen; exercise; body composition; osteoporosis; obesity; hormone-replacement therapy