Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and the risk of myocardial infarction: A case-control study in Italy

• Published in: Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases Vol. 24; no. 11; pp. 1246 - 1251
• Main Authors: Rossi, M, Praud, D, Monzio Compagnoni, M, Bellocco, R, Serafini, M, Parpinel, M, La Vecchia, C, Tavani, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.11.2014
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - administration & dosage; Cardiovascular; Case-Control Studies; Case-control study; Diet; Edible Grain; Female; Fruit; Humans; Italy - epidemiology; Male; Medicin och hälsovetenskap; Middle Aged; Myocardial infarction; Myocardial Infarction - epidemiology; Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity; Reproducibility of Results; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Total antioxidant capacity; Vegetables; Wine; Young Adult; Italy; Myocardial infarction; Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity; Total antioxidant capacity; Case-control study; International Classification of Disease; TRAP; Risk factors; Antioxidants; FFQ; Body mass index; SD; LDL; Ferric reducing-antioxidant power; FRAP; Standard deviation; AMI; BMI; European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; OR; EPIC; Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity; CI; Odds ratios; Food frequency questionnaire; ICD; Coronary heart disease; Low density lipoprotein; US Department of Agriculture; Confidence interval; Total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter; Diet; TEAC; TAC; Acute myocardial infarction; USDA; NEAC; CHD
• ISSN: 0939-4753; 1590-3729; 1590-3729
• DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.06.007

Abstract Background and aims Oxidative processes have been related to atherosclerosis, but there is scanty information on the role of dietary antioxidants in the prevention of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods and results The relationship between non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) and the risk of nonfatal AMI was investigated in a case-control study conducted in Milan, Italy, between 1995 and 2003. Cases were 760 patients below 75 years with a first episode of AMI and controls were 682 patients admitted to hospitals for acute conditions, who completed an interviewer-administered food frequency questionnaire, tested for validity and reproducibility. NEAC (excluding coffee) was measured using Italian food composition tables in terms of ferric reducing-antioxidant power (FRAP), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP). The odds ratios (OR) of AMI, and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI), were obtained by multiple logistic regression models including terms for main risk factors of AMI and total energy intake. NEAC was inversely related with the risk of AMI. The ORs for the highest quintile compared with the lowest one were 0.41 (95% CI, 0.27–0.63) for FRAP, 0.42 (95% CI, 0.27–0.65) for TEAC and 0.41 (95% CI, 0.27–0.62) for TRAP, with significant trends in risk. The inverse relationship was apparently stronger in women and in subjects aged ≥60 years. Conclusions Our results support a favorable role of dietary NEAC in the prevention of AMI, and encourage a high consumption of fruit and vegetables and a moderate consumption of wine and whole cereals.