Chitosan-alginate biocomposite containing fucoidan for bone tissue engineering

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 300 - 316
• Main Authors: Venkatesan, Jayachandran, Bhatnagar, Ira, Kim, Se-Kwon
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 16.01.2014; MDPI
• Subjects: Adsorption; alginate; Alginates - chemistry; Alkaline Phosphatase - metabolism; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; biomaterials; Bone Regeneration - drug effects; Bone Substitutes; bone tissue engineering; Calcification, Physiologic - drug effects; Cell Line; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Freeze Drying; fucoidan; Humans; Marine; Materials Testing; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Porosity; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Tissue Engineering - methods; Water - chemistry
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md12010300

Over the last few years, significant research has been conducted in the construction of artificial bone scaffolds. In the present study, different types of polymer scaffolds, such as chitosan-alginate (Chi-Alg) and chitosan-alginate with fucoidan (Chi-Alg-fucoidan), were developed by a freeze-drying method, and each was characterized as a bone graft substitute. The porosity, water uptake and retention ability of the prepared scaffolds showed similar efficacy. The pore size of the Chi-Alg and Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffolds were measured from scanning electron microscopy and found to be 62-490 and 56-437 µm, respectively. In vitro studies using the MG-63 cell line revealed profound cytocompatibility, increased cell proliferation and enhanced alkaline phosphatase secretion in the Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffold compared to the Chi-Alg scaffold. Further, protein adsorption and mineralization were about two times greater in the Chi-Alg-fucoidan scaffold than the Chi-Alg scaffold. Hence, we suggest that Chi-Alg-fucoidan will be a promising biomaterial for bone tissue regeneration.