Marginal Impact of Brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extract on Metabolic and Inflammatory Response in Overweight and Obese Prediabetic Subjects

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 20; no. 3; p. 174
• Main Authors: Vodouhè, Marlène, Marois, Julie, Guay, Valérie, Leblanc, Nadine, Weisnagel, Stanley John, Bilodeau, Jean-François, Jacques, Hélène
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.02.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Algae; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Ascophyllum - chemistry; Ascophyllum nodosum; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Blood pressure; Body composition; Body weight; Body weight loss; brown seaweed extract; c-peptide; C-Peptide - blood; Calories; Clinical trials; Complex Mixtures - therapeutic use; Consumption; diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diet, Fat-Restricted; Dietary supplements; digestive system; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fucus - chemistry; Fucus vesiculosus; Glucose; Heart rate; Homeostasis; Humans; Hypocaloric diet; Inflammation; Inflammatory response; Insulin; Insulin - blood; insulin resistance; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-6 - blood; Intervention; Kinases; lipid composition; Lipids; Lipids - blood; low calorie diet; Male; Men; metabolic and inflammatory markers; Middle Aged; Nutrient deficiency; Obesity; overweight; Overweight - blood; Overweight - drug therapy; Placebos; plant extracts; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - therapeutic use; prediabetes; Prediabetic State - blood; Prediabetic State - drug therapy; Seaweed - chemistry; Seaweeds; Treatment Outcome; Weight loss; Weight Loss - drug effects; Women; Young Adult; metabolic and inflammatory markers; brown seaweed extract; prediabetes
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md20030174

The objective of the present study was to test whether a brown seaweed extract rich in polyphenols combined with a low-calorie diet would induce additional weight loss and improve blood glucose homeostasis in association with a metabolic and inflammatory response in overweight/obese prediabetic subjects. Fifty-six overweight/obese, dysglycemic, and insulin-resistant men and women completed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel clinical trial. Subjects were administrated 500 mg/d of either brown seaweed extract or placebo combined with individualized nutritional advice for moderate weight loss over a period of 12 weeks. Glycemic, anthropometric, blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, lipid profile, gut integrity, and oxidative and inflammatory markers were measured before and at the end of the trial. No effect was observed on blood glucose. We observed significant but small decreases in plasma C-peptide at 120 min during 2 h-OGTT (3218 ± 181 at pre-intervention vs. 2865 ± 186 pmol/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 3004 ± 199 at pre-intervention vs. 2954 ± 179 pmol/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.002), heart rate (72 ± 10 at pre-intervention vs. 69 ± 9 (n/min) at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 68 ± 9 at pre-intervention vs. 68 ± 8 (n/min) at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.01), and an inhibition in the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.3 ± 0.7 at pre-intervention vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 pg/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 1.4 ± 1.1 at pre-intervention vs. 2.2 ± 1.6 pg/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.02) following brown seaweed consumption compared with placebo in the context of moderate weight loss. Although consumption of brown seaweed extract had no effect on body weight or blood glucose, an early attenuation of the inflammatory response was observed in association with marginal changes in metabolic parameters related to the prevention of diabetes type 2.