Evaluation of the Ability of Diet-Tracking Mobile Applications to Estimate Energy and Nutrient Intake in Japan

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 12; no. 11; p. 3327
• Main Authors: Shinozaki, Nana, Murakami, Kentaro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.10.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Accuracy; Adult; Aged; Applications programs; Cellular telephones; Correlation coefficient; Correlation coefficients; Diet; Diet - statistics & numerical data; Diet Records; dietary assessment; dietary record; Dietitians; Digital audio players; Direct reduction; Energy; Energy Intake; Female; Food; Food Analysis - methods; Food composition; food composition database; Food intake; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Mobile Applications - statistics & numerical data; mobile phone; Nutrients; Nutrients - analysis; Nutrition Assessment; Nutrition research; Nutritive Value; portion size; Reproducibility of Results; smart phone; Social research; Validation studies; Validity; Japan; Japan; mobile phone; smart phone; dietary assessment; food composition database; dietary record; portion size
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu12113327

We evaluated the energy and nutrient intake estimates of popular Japanese diet-tracking mobile applications (apps). We identified five diet-tracking apps in the iTunes store during August 2020. A researcher entered the dietary data from a one-day paper-based dietary record (DR) previously obtained from apparently healthy free-living adults (15 males and 15 females; 22-65 years) into each app. The energy and nutrient intakes estimated by the apps were compared with those calculated using the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan based on the paper-based DR (reference method). The number of dietary variables available ranged from one (energy in Mogutan) to 17 (FiNC). Compared to the DR-based estimates, the median energy intake was significantly overestimated by MyFitnessPal, Asken, Calomiru, and Mogutan. Moreover, the intakes of many nutrients were overestimated by Asken and Calomiru and underestimated by MyFitnessPal. For energy intake, the Spearman correlation coefficient between the DR and the apps was lowest for Mogutan (0.76) and highest for FiNC (0.96). The median correlation coefficient for nutrient intakes was lower in MyFitnessPal (0.50) than in the other three apps (0.80 in Asken, 0.87 in FiNC, and 0.88 in Calomiru). These results suggest that intake calculations differ among apps. Further evaluation is needed in free-living settings, where users input their own food intake.