Effects of short‐ and long‐term Mediterranean‐based dietary treatment on plasma LC‐QTOF/MS metabolic profiling of subjects with metabolic syndrome features: The Metabolic Syndrome Reduction in Navarra (RESMENA) randomized controlled trial

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research Vol. 59; no. 4; pp. 711 - 728
• Main Authors: Bondia‐Pons, Isabel, Martinez, José Alfredo, la Iglesia, Rocio, Lopez‐Legarrea, Patricia, Poutanen, Kaisa, Hanhineva, Kati, Zulet, Maria de los Ángeles
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley-VCH 01.04.2015; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Adult; biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Dependency networks; Diet, Mediterranean; eating habits; etiology; European Continental Ancestry Group; guidelines; Humans; LC-QTOF/MS; liquid chromatography; low calorie diet; Mass Spectrometry; Mediterranean diet; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - blood; Metabolic Syndrome - diet therapy; Metabolome; Metabolomics; nutritional intervention; oxidative stress; phospholipids; randomized clinical trials; risk reduction; Time Factors; Triglycerides - blood; LC-QTOF/MS; Metabolomics; Dependency networks; Metabolic syndrome; Mediterranean diet
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400309

SCOPE: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been associated with a reduced risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Metabolomics approach may contribute to identify beneficial associations of metabolic changes affected by Mediterranean diet‐based interventions with inflammatory and oxidative‐stress markers related to the etiology and development of the MetS. METHODS AND RESULTS: Liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole‐time of flight‐MS metabolic profiling was applied to plasma from a 6‐month randomized intervention with two sequential periods, a 2‐month nutritional‐learning intervention period, and a 4‐month self‐control period, with two energy‐restricted diets; the RESMENA diet (based on the Mediterranean dietary pattern) and the Control diet (based on the American Heart Association guidelines), in 72 subjects with a high BMI and at least two features of MetS. The major contributing biomarkers of each sequential period were lipids, mainly phospholipids and lysophospholipids. Dependency network analysis showed a different pattern of associations between metabolic changes and clinical variables after 2 and 6 month of intervention, with a highly interconnected network during the nutritional‐learning intervention period of the study. CONCLUSION: The 2‐month RESMENA diet produced significant changes in the plasma metabolic profile of subjects with MetS features. However, at the end of the 6‐month study, most of the associations between metabolic and clinical variables disappeared; suggesting that adherence to healthy dietary habits had declined during the self‐control period.