How to reveal subsurface defects in Kevlar® composite materials after an impact loading using infrared vision and optical NDT techniques?

• Published in: Engineering fracture mechanics Vol. 108; pp. 195 - 208
• Main Authors: Bendada, A., Sfarra, S., Genest, M., Paoletti, D., Rott, S., Talmy, E., Ibarra-Castanedo, C., Maldague, X.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2013
• Subjects: Aircraft components; Composite materials; Composites; Debonding; Defects; Fracture mechanics; Infrared; Infrared vision; Inspection; Nondestructive testing; Optical testing; Spectral bands; Vision; Composites; Optical testing; Debonding; Infrared vision; Defects
• ISSN: 0013-7944; 1873-7315
• DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2013.02.030

[Display omitted] •A transmitted light technique applied on semi-transparent materials is proposed.•The approach relies on infrared and optical NDT techniques combined together.•The Kevlar® fibers alignment is here detected by higher order statistics thermography. An integrated system between infrared vision and optical non-destructive testing techniques can be considered a viable, robust and reliable approach for both aerospace manufacturing and in-service inspections. In this paper, infrared vision is applied in different spectral bands on two impacted panels made of aramid–phenolic composite by applying two different methods, respectively: (1) near and short-wave infrared reflectography and transmittography, and (2) mid-wave active infrared thermography. Furthermore, optical methods, namely digital speckle photography and holographic interferometry, are used as well to highlight the damages due to the impacts on the samples. Some techniques provide more straightforward detection capabilities than others for different defect types.