How Genetically Engineered Mouse Tumor Models Provide Insights Into Human Cancers

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human cancer were first created nearly 30 years ago. These early transgenic models demonstrated that mouse cells could be transformed in vivo by expression of an oncogene. A new field emerged, dedicated to generating and using mouse models of human canc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of clinical oncology Vol. 29; no. 16; pp. 2273 - 2281
Main Authors POLITI, Katerina, PAO, William
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Alexandria, VA American Society of Clinical Oncology 01.06.2011
Subjects
Animal tumors. Experimental tumors
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biology of Neoplasia
Bon
Disease Models, Animal
Experimental tumors, general aspects
Genetic Engineering
Humans
Medical sciences
Mice
Mice, Transgenic
Neoplasms - genetics
Tumors
Human
Animal model
Rodentia
Malignant tumor
Vertebrata
Mammalia
Cancerology
Treatment
Mouse
Animal
Genetics
Genetic engineering
Diagnosis
Cancer
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Summary:Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human cancer were first created nearly 30 years ago. These early transgenic models demonstrated that mouse cells could be transformed in vivo by expression of an oncogene. A new field emerged, dedicated to generating and using mouse models of human cancer to address a wide variety of questions in cancer biology. The aim of this review is to highlight the contributions of mouse models to the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. Because of the breadth of the topic, we have selected representative examples of how GEMMs are clinically relevant rather than provided an exhaustive list of experiments. Today, as detailed here, sophisticated mouse models are being created to study many aspects of cancer biology, including but not limited to mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to drug treatment, oncogene cooperation, early detection, and metastasis. Alternatives to GEMMs, such as chemically induced or spontaneous tumor models, are not discussed in this review.
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ISSN:0732-183X
1527-7755
DOI:10.1200/JCO.2010.30.8304