Variation matters: TLR structure and species-specific pathogen recognition

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that are an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. Many vaccines incorporate ligands for TLRs as an adjuvant and are developed in rodent models, with the resulting data transferred to other species. Vaccine featur...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inTrends in immunology Vol. 30; no. 3; pp. 124 - 130
Main Authors Werling, Dirk, Jann, Oliver C, Offord, Victoria, Glass, Elizabeth J, Coffey, Tracey J
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2009
Elsevier Limited
Subjects
Adapter proteins
Allergy and Immunology
Animals
Cattle
Design
Drug resistance
Genes
Genetic Variation
Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology
Humans
Immune system
Immunity, Innate - immunology
Ligands
Livestock
Protein Structure, Tertiary - genetics
Species Specificity
Toll-Like Receptors - chemistry
Toll-Like Receptors - genetics
Toll-Like Receptors - immunology
Vaccines
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Summary:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that are an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. Many vaccines incorporate ligands for TLRs as an adjuvant and are developed in rodent models, with the resulting data transferred to other species. Vaccine features can be improved markedly by emphasizing the biological relevance when evaluating other animal models for host-pathogen interaction and by taking greater advantage of the unique experimental opportunities that are offered by large animal, non-rodent models. Here, we aim to summarize our current knowledge of species-specific TLR responses and briefly discuss that vaccine efficacy in relevant host species might be improved by considering the species-specific TLR responses.
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ISSN:1471-4906
1471-4981
DOI:10.1016/j.it.2008.12.001