Nutrient Restriction and Radiation Therapy for Cancer Treatment: When Less Is More

• Published in: The oncologist (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 97 - 103
• Main Authors: Champ, Colin E., Baserga, Renato, Mishra, Mark V., Jin, Lianjin, Sotgia, Federica, Lisanti, Michael P., Pestell, Richard G., Dicker, Adam P., Simone, Nicole L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Durham, NC, USA AlphaMed Press 01.01.2013
• Subjects: Caloric Restriction - methods; Calorie restriction; Cancer; Clinical Trials as Topic; Eating - physiology; Energy Intake - physiology; Humans; Intermittent fasting; Longevity - physiology; Metabolic Networks and Pathways - genetics; Metabolic Networks and Pathways - physiology; Neoplasms - diet therapy; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - physiopathology; Neoplasms - radiotherapy; Radiation Oncology; Radiotherapy
• ISSN: 1083-7159; 1549-490X
• DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0164

CME Learning Objectives Identify molecular pathways that are potential targets of calorie restriction combined with radiation therapy. Identify cancer patients for whom calorie restriction would be contraindicated. Calorie restriction (CR), or a diet modification aiming to reduce the total intake of calories by 20%–40%, has been shown to increase longevity across multiple species. Recently, there has been growing interest in investigating the potential role of CR as a treatment intervention for age‐related diseases, such as cancer, because an increasing body of literature has demonstrated a metabolic component to both carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In fact, many of the molecular pathways that are altered with CR are also known to be altered in cancer. Therefore, manipulation of these pathways using CR can render cancer cells, and most notably breast cancer cells, more susceptible to standard cytotoxic treatment with radiation and chemotherapy. In this review article we demonstrate the laboratory and clinical evidence that exists for CR and show compelling evidence through the molecular pathways CR induces about how it may be used as a treatment in tandem with radiation therapy to improve our rates of disease control. 摘要 热量限制摄入（CR）或饮食控制旨在使热量总摄入减少20%∼40%，多个物种中已显示其能延长寿命。CR有望用于治疗癌症等年龄相关疾病，近期这方面的研究兴趣不断增长，因为越来越多的文献显示，癌症发生和肿瘤进展中存在代谢因素。事实上，CR后很多发生改变的分子通路在癌症中也同样发生了改变。因此，采用CR操控这些通路后，癌症细胞，最明显的是乳腺癌细胞，对放化疗的标准细胞毒治疗更敏感了。本综述展示了CR现有的实验室和临床证据，并令人信服地证明，通过CR诱导的分子通路，CR联合放疗可提高疾病控制率。 The laboratory and clinical evidence that exists for calorie restriction is reviewed, showing compelling evidence through the molecular pathways calorie restriction induces about how it may be used as a treatment in tandem with radiation therapy to improve rates of disease control.