High‐throughput microscale extraction using ionic liquids and derivatives: A review

• Published in: Journal of separation science Vol. 43; no. 9-10; pp. 1890 - 1907
• Main Authors: Trujillo‐Rodríguez, María J., Pino, Verónica, Miró, Manuel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.05.2020
• Subjects: Analytical chemistry; automation; Derivatives; Ionic liquids; Ions; liquid-phase microextraction; magnetic ionic liquids; magnetism; polymeric ionic liquids; polymers; robots; sample preparation; separation; solid phase microextraction; Solvents; automation; ionic liquids; magnetic ionic liquids; polymeric ionic liquids; sample preparation
• ISSN: 1615-9306; 1615-9314; 1615-9314
• DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000045

Ionic liquids and derivatives—mainly polymeric ionic liquids and magnetic ionic liquids—have been extensively used in microscale extraction over the past few years. Current trends in analytical sample preparation gear toward linking microextraction approaches with high‐throughput sample processing to comply with green analytical chemistry requirements. A variety of high sample throughput strategies that are coupled to both ionic‐liquid‐based solid‐phase microextraction and ionic liquid‐based liquid‐phase microextraction are herein reported. The review is focused on microscale extraction methods that use (i) custom‐made and dedicated extraction devices, (ii) parallel extraction, (iii) magnetic‐based separation, and (iv) miniaturized systems employing semi‐automatic or fully automatic flow injection methods, related micro/millifluidic devices, and robotic equipment.