Inflammatory pathways in COVID‐19: Mechanism and therapeutic interventions

• Published in: MedComm (2020) Vol. 3; no. 3; pp. e154 - n/a
• Main Authors: Jiang, Yujie, Zhao, Tingmei, Zhou, Xueyan, Xiang, Yu, Gutierrez‐Castrellon, Pedro, Ma, Xuelei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.09.2022; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: COVID-19; Cytokine storm; immunopathology; immunotherapy; inflammatory pathways; Review; Reviews; cytokine storm; immunopathology; COVID‐19; inflammatory pathways; immunotherapy
• ISSN: 2688-2663; 2688-2663
• DOI: 10.1002/mco2.154

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has become a global crisis. In the immunopathogenesis of COVID‐19, SARS‐CoV‐2 infection induces an excessive inflammatory response in patients, causing an inflammatory cytokine storm in severe cases. Cytokine storm leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary and other multiorgan failure, which is an important cause of COVID‐19 progression and even death. Among them, activation of inflammatory pathways is a major factor in generating cytokine storms and causing dysregulated immune responses, which is closely related to the severity of viral infection. Therefore, elucidation of the inflammatory signaling pathway of SARS‐CoV‐2 is important in providing otential therapeutic targets and treatment strategies against COVID‐19. Here, we discuss the major inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of COVID‐19, including induction, function, and downstream signaling, as well as existing and potential interventions targeting these cytokines or related signaling pathways. We believe that a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory pathways of COVID‐19 immune dysregulation and inflammation will help develop better clinical therapy strategies to effectively control inflammatory diseases, such as COVID‐19. The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic has become a global crisis, with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection inducing excessive inflammation and cytokine storm. Cytokine storm leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi‐organ failure, which are important causes of COVID‐19 progression and death. Therefore, elucidating the inflammatory pathways of COVID‐19 is crucial for the therapeutic strategy of COVID‐19.