Lumican, a Multifunctional Cell Instructive Biomarker Proteoglycan Has Novel Roles as a Marker of the Hypercoagulative State of Long Covid Disease

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 5; p. 2825
• Main Authors: Smith, Margaret M, Melrose, James
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 29.02.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: anti-tumour; biomarker; Biomarkers; Blood proteins; Cell differentiation; Cell growth; Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans - metabolism; Collagen; COVID-19; Development and progression; Health aspects; Humans; Inflammation; Kinases; Long COVID; Lumican; MMP inhibitor; Pathology; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Proteoglycans; Review; tissue pathology; Type 2 diabetes; Yang Mu; MMP inhibitor; anti-tumour; lumican; biomarker; tissue pathology
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052825

This study has reviewed the many roles of lumican as a biomarker of tissue pathology in health and disease. Lumican is a structure regulatory proteoglycan of collagen-rich tissues, with cell instructive properties through interactions with a number of cell surface receptors in tissue repair, thereby regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, inflammation and the innate and humoral immune systems to combat infection. The exponential increase in publications in the last decade dealing with lumican testify to its role as a pleiotropic biomarker regulatory protein. Recent findings show lumican has novel roles as a biomarker of the hypercoagulative state that occurs in SARS CoV-2 infections; thus, it may also prove useful in the delineation of the complex tissue changes that characterize COVID-19 disease. Lumican may be useful as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker of long COVID disease and its sequelae.