Tree diversity and carbon storage cobenefits in tropical human‐dominated landscapes

• Published in: Conservation letters Vol. 13; no. 2
• Main Authors: Osuri, Anand M., Machado, Siddarth, Ratnam, Jayashree, Sankaran, Mahesh, Ayyappan, N., Muthuramkumar, S., Parthasarathy, N., Pélissier, Raphaël, Ramesh, B. R., DeFries, Ruth, Naeem, Shahid
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.03.2020; Wiley
• Subjects: Anthropogenic factors; basal area; Biodiversity; Biodiversity and Ecology; biodiversity conservation; Biodiversity hot spots; Biomass; Botanics; Carbon; Carbon sequestration; carbon storage; Climate change; Climate change mitigation; Datasets; Ecology, environment; Ecosystems; Environmental Sciences; forest degradation; Forests; Hardwoods; High density lipoprotein; Hypotheses; Land degradation; Landscape; Life Sciences; Meta-analysis; Plant diversity; Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy; tree density; Trees; Tropical forests; Vegetal Biology; Western Ghats; Wildlife conservation; Wood; wood density; Western Ghats; India; Biodiversity conservation; Forest degradation; Climate change; Basal area; Carbon storage; Western Ghats; Tree density; Tropical forests; Xood density; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 1755-263X; 1755-263X
• DOI: 10.1111/conl.12699

A lack of spatial congruence between carbon storage and biodiversity in intact forests suggests limited cobenefits of carbon‐focused policies for conserving tropical biodiversity. However, whether the same applies in tropical human‐dominated landscapes (HDLs) is unclear. In India's Western Ghats Biodiversity Hotspot, we found that while HDL forests harbor lower tree diversity and aboveground carbon stocks than relatively intact forests, positive diversity–carbon correlations are more prevalent in HDLs. This is because anthropogenic drivers of species loss in HDLs consistently reduce carbon storing biomass volume (lower basal area), and biomass per unit volume (fewer hardwood trees). We further show, using a meta‐analysis spanning multiple regions, that these patterns apply to tropical HDLs more generally. Thus, while complementary strategies are needed for securing the irreplaceable biodiversity and carbon values of intact forests, ubiquitous tropical HDLs might hold greater potential for synergizing biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.