Cardiac Hypertrophy May Be a Risk Factor for the Development and Severity of Glaucoma

• Published in: Biomedicines Vol. 10; no. 3; p. 677
• Main Authors: Suzuki, Yukihisa, Kiyosawa, Motohiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15.03.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Adrenergic receptors; Beta blockers; Blood flow; Blood pressure; Bradycardia; Cardiac arrhythmia; Cerebral blood flow; Community health care; Contraindications; EKG; electrocardiogram; Electrocardiography; Fibrillation; Flow velocity; Glaucoma; Heart; Hospitals; Hypertension; Hypertrophy; Hypotension; Informed consent; Kinases; left ventricular hypertrophy; Patients; Risk factors; Systemic diseases; Ventricle; Visual field; Japan; electrocardiogram; visual field; left ventricular hypertrophy; bradycardia; glaucoma
• ISSN: 2227-9059; 2227-9059
• DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030677

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between glaucoma and cardiac abnormalities. We evaluated 581 patients with open-angle glaucoma (285 men and 296 women) and 595 individuals without glaucoma (273 men and 322 women). All of the participants underwent visual field testing using a Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (30-2 program), an electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood pressure measurement. We examined the ECG abnormalities and other factors (age, intraocular pressure (IOP) and systemic hypertension) involved in the development and severity of glaucoma. Logistic regression analyses revealed significant correlations of glaucoma with IOP (OR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.36−1.51; p < 0.00001), atrial fibrillation (OR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.01−4.04; p = 0.04), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (OR = 2.21; 95% CI: 1.15−4.25; p = 0.02), and bradycardia (OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.25−4.70; p = 0.02). Regression analyses revealed significant correlations of the mean deviation of the visual field with age (t = −6.22; 95% CI: −0.15, −0.08; p < 0.00001), IOP (t = −6.47; 95% CI: −0.42, −0.23; p < 0.00001), and LVH (t = −2.15; 95% CI: −3.36, −0.29; p = 0.02). Atrial fibrillation, LVH and bradycardia may decrease the cerebral blood flow, and may also affect the ocular blood flow. Cardiac abnormalities may be associated with the development and severity of glaucoma.