Function of plastid sigma factors in higher plants: regulation of gene expression or just preservation of constitutive transcription?

Plastid gene expression is rather complex. Transcription is performed by three different RNA polymerases, two of them are nucleus-encoded, monomeric, of the phage-type (named RPOTp and RPOTmp) and one of them is plastid-encoded, multimeric, of the eubacterial-type (named PEP). The activity of the eu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inPlant molecular biology Vol. 76; no. 3-5; pp. 235 - 249
Main Author Lerbs-Mache, Silva
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.07.2011
Springer Nature B.V
Springer Verlag (Germany)
Subjects
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Flowers & plants
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
Genome, Plant
Genomes
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Life Sciences
Plant biology
Plant Pathology
Plant Sciences
Plants - genetics
Plants - metabolism
Plastids
Transcription, Genetic
Plastid
Higher plants
Sigma factors
Transcription regulation
transcription regulation
chloroplast
review
plant
sigma factors
RNA polymerase
gene expression
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Summary:Plastid gene expression is rather complex. Transcription is performed by three different RNA polymerases, two of them are nucleus-encoded, monomeric, of the phage-type (named RPOTp and RPOTmp) and one of them is plastid-encoded, multimeric, of the eubacterial-type (named PEP). The activity of the eubacterial-type RNA polymerase is regulated by up to six nucleus-encoded transcription initiation factors of the sigma-type. This complexity of the plastid transcriptional apparatus is not yet well understood and raises the question of whether it is subject to any regulation or just ensures constitutive transcription of the plastid genome. On the other hand, considerable advances have been made during the last years elucidating the role of sigma factors for specific promoter recognition and selected transcription of some plastid genes. Sigma-interacting proteins have been identified and phosphorylation-dependent functional changes of sigma factors have been revealed. The present review aims to summarize these recent advances and to convince the reader that plastid gene expression is regulated on the transcriptional level by sigma factor action.
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ISSN:0167-4412
1573-5028
1573-5028
DOI:10.1007/s11103-010-9714-4