Manipulation and Immobilization of a Single Fluorescence Nanosensor for Selective Injection into Cells

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 16; no. 12; p. 2041
• Main Authors: Hashim, Hairulazwan, Maruyama, Hisataka, Masuda, Taisuke, Arai, Fumihito
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.12.2016; MDPI
• Subjects: Biosensing Techniques - methods; cell injection; Cell membranes; Cytoplasm; Cytoplasm - metabolism; Fluorescence; fluorescence sensor; Fluorescent dyes; Glass; Immobilization; Indoles - chemistry; Infrared heating; Infrared lasers; Iron oxides; Isomerization; Laser beam heating; Lasers; Lipids; Membranes; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; nanosensor; Nanosensors; Nanostructure; Nanotechnology - methods; Near infrared radiation; Optical control; photochromism; Physiology; Polystyrene resins; Rhodamine; Sensors; Ultraviolet radiation; Zeta potential; zeta potential; cell injection; photochromism; fluorescence sensor; nanosensor
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s16122041

Manipulation and injection of single nanosensors with high cell viability is an emerging field in cell analysis. We propose a new method using fluorescence nanosensors with a glass nanoprobe and optical control of the zeta potential. The nanosensor is fabricated by encapsulating a fluorescence polystyrene nanobead into a lipid layer with 1,3,3-trimethylindolino-6'-nitrobenzopyrylospiran (SP), which is a photochromic material. The nanobead contains iron oxide nanoparticles and a temperature-sensitive fluorescent dye, Rhodamine B. The zeta potential of the nanosensor switches between negative and positive by photo-isomerization of SP with ultraviolet irradiation. The positively-charged nanosensor easily adheres to a negatively-charged glass nanoprobe, is transported to a target cell, and then adheres to the negatively-charged cell membrane. The nanosensor is then injected into the cytoplasm by heating with a near-infrared (NIR) laser. As a demonstration, a single 750 nm nanosensor was picked-up using a glass nanoprobe with optical control of the zeta potential. Then, the nanosensor was transported and immobilized onto a target cell membrane. Finally, it was injected into the cytoplasm using a NIR laser. The success rates of pick-up and cell immobilization of the nanosensor were 75% and 64%, respectively. Cell injection and cell survival rates were 80% and 100%, respectively.