Inflammatory markers in AD and MCI patients with different biomarker profiles

• Published in: Neurobiology of aging Vol. 30; no. 11; pp. 1885 - 1889
• Main Authors: Schuitemaker, Alie, Dik, Miranda G, Veerhuis, Robert, Scheltens, Philip, Schoonenboom, Niki S.M, Hack, C. Erik, Blankenstein, Marinus A, Jonker, Cees
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Elsevier Inc 01.11.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Aged; alpha 1-Antitrypsin - metabolism; Alzheimer Disease - blood; Alzheimer Disease - cerebrospinal fluid; Alzheimer Disease - complications; Alzheimer's disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides - metabolism; Analysis of Variance; Antichymotrypsin; Aβ and tau; Biological and medical sciences; Biomarkers - blood; Biomarkers - cerebrospinal fluid; C-reactive protein; C-Reactive Protein - metabolism; Cognition Disorders - blood; Cognition Disorders - cerebrospinal fluid; Cognition Disorders - complications; CSF; Degenerative and inherited degenerative diseases of the nervous system. Leukodystrophies. Prion diseases; Development. Senescence. Regeneration. Transplantation; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Inflammatory proteins; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-6 - metabolism; Internal Medicine; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Mild cognitive impairment; Neurology; Peptide Fragments - metabolism; Retrospective Studies; tau Proteins - metabolism; Vertebrates: nervous system and sense organs; Aβ and tau; Antichymotrypsin; C-reactive protein; Mild cognitive impairment; CSF; Alzheimer's disease; Inflammatory proteins; Interleukin-6; Human; Nervous system diseases; Senescence; Alzheimer disease; Cytokine; Biological marker; Inflammation; Cerebrospinal fluid; Cerebral disorder; Interleukin 6; Tau protein; Central nervous system disease; Degenerative disease; mild cognitive impairment
• ISSN: 0197-4580; 1558-1497
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.01.014

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to demonstrate the involvement of the inflammatory proteins IL-6, ACT and CRP early in the pathology process of AD in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Methods IL-6, ACT, CRP, Aβ42, phospho-tau (p-tau) and total tau concentrations in serum and CSF of 145 patients with probable AD and 67 patients with MCI were measured by sandwich ELISA. MCI patients were characterized as high- respectively low-risk MCI according to their Aβ42/tau risk profile. Results CSF and serum CRP levels were significantly higher in MCI compared to AD patients after adjustment for age, ApoE ε4 genotype and cardiovascular diseases ( p < 0.01). This difference remained present in patients with a low-risk biomarker profile for AD after adjustment for abovementioned covariates. CSF IL-6 levels were also significantly higher in MCI patients with a low-risk CSF profile. Conclusions These findings suggest that inflammatory processes might be involved in early stages of AD, even before Aβ and tau changes are present in CSF of MCI patients.