Short-term effects of seasonal prescribed burning on the ectomycorrhizal fungal community and fine root biomass in ponderosa pine stands in the Blue Mountains of Oregon

• Published in: Canadian journal of forest research Vol. 34; no. 12; pp. 2477 - 2491
• Main Authors: Smith, J.E, McKay, D, Niwa, C.G, Thies, W.G, Brenner, G, Spatafora, J.W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Ottawa, Canada NRC Research Press 01.12.2004; National Research Council of Canada; Canadian Science Publishing NRC Research Press
• Subjects: Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Animal and plant ecology; Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Biochemistry and biology; Biological and medical sciences; biomass; Chemical, physicochemical, biochemical and biological properties; coniferous forests; conifers; Ecosystems; ectomycorrhizae; Effects; Forest & brush fires; Forest and land fires; forest fires; forest litter; Forest management; Forest management. Stand types and stand dynamics. Silvicultural treatments. Tending of stands. Natural regeneration; forest stands; forest trees; Forestry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungi; Generalities; Physics, chemistry, biochemistry and biology of agricultural and forest soils; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Pinus ponderosa; polymorphism; prescribed burning; restriction fragment length polymorphism; rhizosphere fungi; root growth; root hairs; roots; seasonal variation; Short term; Soil science; species diversity; Synecology; Terrestrial ecosystems; Weather damages. Fires; Oregon; United States; Blue Mountains; North America; America; USA, Washington; Forest management; Forest soil; Biomass; Controlled burning; Fungi; Fire prevention; Mountain; Pinus ponderosa; Seasonal variation; Softwood forest tree; Gymnospermae; Ectomycorrhiza; Anthropogenic factor; Thallophyta; Community structure; Forest stand; Root; Mycology; Ecology; Symbiont; Environment impact; Forestry; Mycorrhiza; Soil biology; Coniferales; Spermatophyta; Coniferous forest
• ISSN: 0045-5067; 1208-6037
• DOI: 10.1139/x04-124

The effects of seasonal prescribed fire on the belowground ectomycorrhizal community and live fine root biomass were investigated before, 1 year after, and 2 years after prescribed underburning. Ectomycorrhizas were sampled from four replications of three treatments (fall underburning, spring underburning, and a nonburned control) in a randomized complete block design. Samples were separated in two subsamples representing the upper 5 cm and lower 5 cm of a soil core. Molecular tools were used to distinguish 140 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) species of fungi directly from the ectomycorrhizas. Prior to underburning, the number of RFLP species and amount of live root biomass were similar among treatment units and between upper and lower core samples. Fall underburning largely removed live root biomass to a depth of 10 cm and significantly reduced ectomycorrhizal species richness compared with spring underburning and the nonburned control for at least 2 years. RFLP species richness and live root biomass following spring underburning were generally similar to the nonburned treatment. The successful reintroduction of fire to the ecosystem to retain high species diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi and achieve the desired future condition of large-tree ponderosa pine retention with low fuel loads may require more than underburning in a single season.