Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission inventory for Pakistan: Part II agriculture, forestry and other land use and waste

• Published in: Advances in climate change research Vol. 12; no. 1; pp. 132 - 144
• Main Authors: Mir, Kaleem Anwar, Park, Chunkyoo, Purohit, Pallav, Kim, Seungdo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01.02.2021; Research Centre for Climate Change and Energy,Department of Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology,Hallym University,Chuncheon,24252,Republic of Korea; Global Change Impact Studies Centre,Ministry of Climate Change,Government of Pakistan,Islamabad,44000,Pakistan%Ministry of Environment,Government Complex-Sejong,Sejong-si,30103,Republic of Korea%International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,Laxenburg,A-2361,Austria%Research Centre for Climate Change and Energy,Department of Environmental Sciences and Biotechnology,Hallym University,Chuncheon,24252,Republic of Korea; KeAi Communications Co., Ltd
• Subjects: Agriculture; Emission inventory; Forestry and other land use; Greenhouse gas; Key categories; Pakistan; Time series analysis; Waste sector; Emission inventory; Pakistan; Time series analysis; Greenhouse gas; Agriculture; Forestry and other land use; Waste sector; Key categories
• ISSN: 1674-9278; 1674-9278
• DOI: 10.1016/j.accre.2021.01.003

Understanding Pakistan's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission status is critical for identifying the national targets for GHG mitigation with respect to the nationally determined contributions (NDCs). This study focuses on the development of Pakistan's GHG (CO2, CH4, and N2O) inventories for agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) and waste sectors using 2006 IPCC Guidelines. This study should be seen as a direct continuation of the preceding one (Part I [ Available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2020.05.002]) which discusses energy and industrial processes and product use in compliance with the 2006 and 1996 IPCC Guidelines. It also provides sector-specific comparative time series (1994–2017) analysis of GHG inventories, identification of key categories, and national GHG emissions trend for Pakistan. The results indicate an average relative difference (on average for time series 1994–2017) of 19% and 6% in total GHG emissions (CO2-eq) from AFOLU and waste sector respectively between 2006 and 1996 IPCC Guidelines. The absolute difference over the entire time series for AFOLU and waste sector was in the range of 3–67 Mt CO2-eq and 1–7 Mt CO2-eq respectively. Findings further reveal that the quantity of national GHG emissions by 2006 IPCC Guidelines is 10% lower on average for complete time series compared to 1996 IPCC Guidelines. The average relative difference for total national emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O is −1%, 9%, and 48% respectively. Key category analysis based on 2006 IPCC Guidelines estimates identified three categories, each contributing ≥10% to the level assessment in the latest year 2017 and accounting for approximately half of the national GHG emissions. In order to further improve the reliability of GHG inventories, Pakistan needs to move from 1996 to 2006 IPCC Guidelines under a higher Tier approach particularly for identified key categories.