A fully implanted drug delivery system for peripheral nerve blocks in behaving animals

• Published in: Journal of neuroscience methods Vol. 182; no. 2; pp. 165 - 171
• Main Authors: Pohlmeyer, Eric A., Jordon, Luke R., Kim, Peter, Miller, Lee E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.09.2009
• Subjects: Anesthetics, Local - pharmacology; Animals; Behavior, Animal - drug effects; Drug Delivery Systems - instrumentation; Drug Delivery Systems - methods; Evoked Potentials - drug effects; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Lidocaine; Lidocaine - pharmacology; Limb movement; Macaca mulatta; Male; Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects; Muscle, Skeletal - innervation; Nerve Block - methods; Nerve cuff; Neural Conduction; Paralysis; Peripheral nerve block; Peripheral Nerves - drug effects; Procaine - analogs & derivatives; Procaine - pharmacology; Rabbits; Rhesus macaque; Nerve cuff; Rhesus macaque; Paralysis; Lidocaine; Limb movement; Peripheral nerve block
• ISSN: 0165-0270; 1872-678X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.06.006

Inhibiting peripheral nerve function can be useful for many studies of the nervous system or motor control. Accomplishing this in a temporary fashion in animal models by using peripheral nerve blocks permits studies of the immediate effects of the loss, and/or any resulting short-term changes and adaptations in behavior or motor control, while avoiding the complications commonly associated with permanent lesions, such as sores or self-mutilation. We have developed a method of quickly and repeatedly inducing temporary, controlled motor deficits in rhesus macaque monkeys via a chronically implanted drug delivery system. This assembly consists of a nerve cuff and a subdermal injection dome, and has proved effective for delivering local anesthetics directly to peripheral nerves for many months. Using this assembly for median and ulnar nerve blocks routinely resulted in over 80% losses in hand and wrist strength for rhesus monkeys. The assembly was also effective for inducing ambulatory motor deficits in rabbits through blocks of the sciatic nerve. Interestingly, while standard anesthetics were sufficient for the rabbit nerve blocks, the inclusion of epinephrine was essential for achieving significant motor blockade in the monkeys.