Bixin protects hepatocytes against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced genotoxicity but does not suppress DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions in the colon of Wistar rats

• Published in: Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis Vol. 759; pp. 37 - 42
• Main Authors: de Oliveira, Pollyanna Francielli, de Andrade, Kelly Jacqueline Barbosa, Paula, Marcela Cristina Ferreira, Oliveira Acésio, Nathália, da Silva Moraes, Thais, Borges, Priscilla Scalon Freitas, Barcelos, Gustavo Rafael Mazzaron, Tavares, Denise Crispim
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.01.2014; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine - toxicity; Aberrant crypt foci; Animals; Bixa orellana; Bixin; Carotenoids - pharmacology; Cells; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms - chemically induced; Colonic Neoplasms - prevention & control; Comet assay; Cytotoxicity; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Hepatocytes - drug effects; Liver; Male; Precancerous Conditions - chemically induced; Precancerous Conditions - prevention & control; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Rodents; Bixa orellana; Bixin; Aberrant crypt foci; Comet assay
• ISSN: 1383-5718; 1879-3592
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2013.07.017

•Bixin has no genotoxic effect in liver and colon cells by comet assay.•Bixin significantly reduced the DNA damage in hepatocytes.•Bixin not reduce the frequency of DNA damage in colon cells.•Bixin not suppress the formation of pre-neoplastic lesions in colon. Bixin is a carotenoid found in the seeds of Bixa orellana L., a plant native to tropical America that is used in the food industry. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bixin on DNA damage and pre-neoplastic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in the liver and colon of Wistar rats. The animals received bixin at daily doses of 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/kg body weight (bw) by gavage. For the assessment of DNA damage in hepatocytes and colon cells with the comet assay, the administration of bixin was for 7 days. The animals received a single subcutaneous injection of 25mg/kg bw of DMH, and were euthanized 4h later. For the evaluation of the frequency of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), the animals were treated with the different doses of bixin for 4 weeks. Four doses of 40mg/kg bw DMH, two doses in the first week and two doses in the second week, were administered and euthanasia occurred at 4 weeks after the beginning of treatment. Bixin reduced the frequency of DNA damage in hepatocytes at the highest two doses tested (1.0 and 10mg/kg bw). On the other hand, no differences in the frequency of DNA damage in colon cells were observed between animals treated with bixin plus DMH and those treated with DMH alone. In addition, the frequency of ACF did not differ significantly between the group treated with bixin plus DMH and the DMH group. The results suggest that bixin does not suppress the formation of ACF, indicating the absence of a protective effect against colon carcinogenesis.