Doxorubicin Embedded into Nanofibrillated Bacterial Cellulose (NFBC) Produces a Promising Therapeutic Outcome for Peritoneally Metastatic Gastric Cancer in Mice Models via Intraperitoneal Direct Injection

• Published in: Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 11; no. 7; p. 1697
• Main Authors: Ando, Hidenori, Mochizuki, Takashi, Lila, Amr S. Abu, Akagi, Shunsuke, Tajima, Kenji, Fujita, Kenji, Shimizu, Taro, Ishima, Yu, Matsushima, Tokuo, Kusano, Takatomo, Ishida, Tatsuhiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 28.06.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Animal models; Anticancer properties; Antitumor agents; Bacteria; bacterial cellulose; Bioluminescence; Body weight; Body weight loss; Carboxymethylcellulose; Cellulose; Doxorubicin; Drug delivery systems; Gastric cancer; Growth inhibition; Inoculation; intraperitoneal chemotherapy; Metastases; Metastasis; nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose; Nanomaterials; Paclitaxel; peritoneally disseminated gastric cancer; Peritoneum; Potassium; Side effects; Tumors; Weight loss; Xenografts; Xenotransplantation; United States > US; Japan
• ISSN: 2079-4991; 2079-4991
• DOI: 10.3390/nano11071697

Natural materials such as bacterial cellulose are gaining interest for their use as drug-delivery vehicles. Herein, the utility of nanofibrillated bacterial cellulose (NFBC), which is produced by culturing a cellulose-producing bacterium (Gluconacetobacter intermedius NEDO-01) in a medium supplemented with carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) that is referred to as CM-NFBC, is described. Recently, we demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of paclitaxel (PTX)-containing CM-NFBC efficiently suppressed tumor growth in a peritoneally disseminated cancer xenograft model. In this study, to confirm the applicability of NFBC in cancer therapy, a chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin (DXR), embedded into CM-NFBC, was examined for its efficiency to treat a peritoneally disseminated gastric cancer via intraperitoneal administration. DXR was efficiently embedded into CM-NFBC (DXR/CM-NFBC). In an in vitro release experiment, 79.5% of DXR was released linearly into the peritoneal wash fluid over a period of 24 h. In the peritoneally disseminated gastric cancer xenograft model, intraperitoneal administration of DXR/CM-NFBC induced superior tumor growth inhibition (TGI = 85.5%) by day 35 post-tumor inoculation, compared to free DXR (TGI = 62.4%). In addition, compared with free DXR, the severe side effects that cause body weight loss were lessened via treatment with DXR/CM-NFBC. These results support the feasibility of CM-NFBC as a drug-delivery vehicle for various anticancer agents. This approach may lead to improved therapeutic outcomes for the treatment of intraperitoneally disseminated cancers.