Is Antibiotic Prophylaxis Necessary before Dental Implant Procedures in Patients with Orthopaedic Prostheses? A Systematic Review

• Published in: Antibiotics (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 1; p. 93
• Main Authors: Salgado-Peralvo, Angel-Orión, Peña-Cardelles, Juan-Francisco, Kewalramani, Naresh, Garcia-Sanchez, Alvaro, Mateos-Moreno, María-Victoria, Velasco-Ortega, Eugenio, Ortiz-García, Iván, Jiménez-Guerra, Álvaro, Végh, Dániel, Pedrinaci, Ignacio, Monsalve-Guil, Loreto
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12.01.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Ankle; antibiotic prophylaxis; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial resistance; Clinical trials; Dental implants; Dental prosthetics; Dentistry; Disease prevention; Grey literature; Health risks; Infections; Invasiveness; joint replacement; Life expectancy; Mortality; oral implantology; Orthopedics; Patients; Professionals; Prophylaxis; Prostheses; prosthetic joint infection; Review; Risk; Search engines; Surgery; Systematic review; Very high frequencies; Canada; oral implantology; antibiotic prophylaxis; antibiotics; dental implants; joint replacement; prosthetic joint infection
• ISSN: 2079-6382; 2079-6382
• DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010093

As the population ages, more and more patients with orthopaedic prostheses (OPs) require dental implant treatment. Surveys of dentists and orthopaedic surgeons show that prophylactic antibiotics (PAs) are routinely prescribed with a very high frequency in patients with OPs who are about to undergo dental procedures. The present study aims to determine the need to prescribe prophylactic antibiotic therapy in patients with OPs treated with dental implants to promote their responsible use and reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance. An electronic search of the MEDLINE database (via PubMed), Web of Science, LILACS, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey was carried out. The criteria used were those described by the PRISMA Statement. No study investigated the need to prescribe PAs in patients with OPs, so four studies were included on the risk of infections of OPs after dental treatments with varying degrees of invasiveness. There is no evidence to suggest a relationship between dental implant surgeries and an increased risk of OP infection; therefore, PAs in these patients are not justified. However, the recommended doses of PAs in dental implant procedures in healthy patients are the same as those recommended to avoid infections of OPs.