ECG-Based Biometric Recognition: A Survey of Methods and Databases

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 25; no. 6; p. 1864
• Main Authors: Meltzer, David, Luengo, David
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17.03.2025; MDPI
• Subjects: Algorithms; Biometric identification; Biometric Identification - methods; Biometrics; Biometry; Biometry - methods; Classification; Databases, Factual; ECG biometrics; ECG databases; Electrocardiogram; Electrocardiography; Electrocardiography - methods; Electrodes; Equipment and supplies; Feature selection; Humans; Identification; Methods; Physiology; Polls & surveys; Review; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; survey; verification; United States; New Jersey; Germany; Spain; survey; ECG databases; identification; ECG biometrics; verification
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s25061864

This work presents a comprehensive and chronologically ordered survey of existing studies and data sources on Electrocardiogram (ECG) based biometric recognition systems. This survey is organized in terms of the two main goals pursued in it: first, a description of the main ECG features and recognition techniques used in the existing literature, including a comprehensive compilation of references; second, a survey of the ECG databases available and used by the referenced studies. The most relevant characteristics of the databases are identified, and a comprehensive compilation of databases is given. To date, no other work has presented such a complete overview of both studies and data sources for ECG-based biometric recognition. Readers interested in the subject can obtain an understanding of the state of the art, easily identifying specific key papers by using different criteria, and become aware of the databases where they can test their novel algorithms.