Alteration in clinico-biochemical profile and oxidative stress indices associated with hyperglycaemia with special reference to diabetes in cattle—a pilot study

• Published in: Tropical animal health and production Vol. 47; no. 1; pp. 103 - 109
• Main Authors: Deepa, Padinjare Melepat, Dimri, Umesh, Jhambh, Ricky, Yatoo, Mohd Iqbal, Sharma, Bhaskar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer-Verlag 01.01.2015; Springer Netherlands; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; antioxidants; Antioxidants - chemistry; Aspartate Aminotransferases - blood; aspartate transaminase; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Blood; blood glucose; blood serum; body condition; catalase; Catalase - blood; Cattle; cattle diseases; Diabetes Mellitus - veterinary; Erythrocytes; fasting; Female; gamma-glutamyltransferase; gamma-Glutamyltransferase - blood; glucose; glucose tolerance tests; glutathione; Glutathione - metabolism; glycosuria; hemoglobin; Holstein; hyperglycemia; Hyperglycemia - blood; Hyperglycemia - veterinary; India; Insulin; Insulin - chemistry; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; ketone bodies; ketonuria; Lactation; Life Sciences; milk yield; oxidants; Oxidants - chemistry; Oxidative Stress; Oxidizing agents; peroxides; Pilot Projects; Regular Articles; superoxide dismutase; Superoxide Dismutase - blood; urine; Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science; Zoology; India; Oxidative stress; Diabetes; Cattle; Insulin
• ISSN: 0049-4747; 1573-7438
• DOI: 10.1007/s11250-014-0691-5

The present study aimed to assess hyperglycaemia with special reference to diabetes mellitus in cattle by clinico-biochemical estimation and evaluation of oxidative stress indices. A total of 256 cattle exhibiting weakness, poor body condition and reduced milk yield in lactating cattle were included in the study. These animals were screened with blood glucose level, urine glucose and ketone bodies. Out of these, 32 (12.5 %) cattle showed hyperglycaemia and glycosuria, of which 25 % exhibited ketonuria. Diabetes was confirmed in five cattle by estimation of fasting blood glucose, glycated haemoglobin, serum fructosamine, intravenous glucose tolerance test and insulin level. This reports first confirmation of diabetes in cattle in India. All these five animals revealed low level of serum insulin suggestive of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in cattle. The level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) was found to be increased in diabetic cattle. Oxidant/antioxidant balance was assessed in hyperglycaemic cattle and five age-matched Holstein Friesian (HF) cross-bred healthy control animals. Diabetic cattle revealed significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) levels of erythrocytic lipid peroxides in comparison with other hyperglycaemic cattle and healthy controls whereas the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase was found to be significantly lower in diabetes-affected animals in comparison to healthy controls. Reduced glutathione did not show a significant difference between hyperglycaemic and control groups. It is concluded from the present study that oxidative stress associated with diabetes in cattle is obvious compared with other hyperglycaemic cattle.