Sphingomonas aeria sp. nov. from indoor air of a pharmaceutical environment

• Published in: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol. 107; no. 1; pp. 47 - 53
• Main Authors: Park, Hong Kyo, Han, Ji-Hye, Kim, Tae-Su, Joung, Yochan, Cho, Sung-Heun, Kwon, Soon-Wo, Kim, Seung Bum
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer-Verlag 01.01.2015; Springer International Publishing; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Aerobiosis; agar; air; Air Microbiology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Biomedical and Life Sciences; chemotaxonomy; Cluster Analysis; Cytosol - chemistry; Deoxyribonucleic acid; DNA; DNA, Bacterial - chemistry; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Drug Industry; erythromycin; fatty acids; Fatty Acids - analysis; Indoor air quality; Indoor environments; Life Sciences; Lipids; Locomotion; Medical Microbiology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; new species; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; nucleotide sequences; Original Paper; Pharmaceuticals; phosphatidylethanolamines; Phospholipids - analysis; Phylogeny; Plant Sciences; ribosomal RNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; sequence homology; Sodium chloride; Sodium Chloride - metabolism; Soil Science & Conservation; spermidine; Spermidine - analysis; Sphingomonas - classification; Sphingomonas - genetics; Sphingomonas - isolation & purification; Sphingomonas - physiology; Sphingomonas paucimobilis; streptomycin; Temperature; Pharmaceutical environment
• ISSN: 0003-6072; 1572-9699
• DOI: 10.1007/s10482-014-0302-5

A proteobacterial strain designated R1-3ᵀwas isolated from indoor air of a pharmaceutical environment. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped. Strain R1-3ᵀgrew optimally at pH 7, 30 °C and in 0–2 % NaCl on R2A agar. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain R1-3ᵀbelongs to the genus Sphingomonas, and is closely related to Sphingomonas paucimobilis ATCC 29837ᵀ(98.4 % sequence similarity). However, the DNA–DNA relatedness between the two strains was 43 ± 5 % (reciprocal = 37 ± 3 %), which was well below the suggested level for species distinction. Sphingomonas yabuuchiae GTC868ᵀ(97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Sphingomonas pseudosanguinis G1-2ᵀ(97.6 %) were also found as distantly related taxa. Strain R1-3ᵀwas sensitive to most of the tested antibiotics except for erythromycin and streptomycin. The major fatty acid was a summed feature consisting of C₁₈:₁ω7c and/or C₁₈:₁ω6c, and minor proportions of C₁₄:₀2-OH, C₁₆:₀and a summed feature consisting of C₁₆:₁ω7c and/or C₁₆:₁ω6c were also present. The DNA G + C content was 67.2 ± 1.0 mol%. The major polyamines were sym-homospermidine and spermidine. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, and minor amounts of a sphingoglycolipid, a phospholipid, an aminoglycolipid and an unidentified lipid were also present. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data not only supported the affiliation of strain R1-3ᵀto the genus Sphingomonas, but also distinguished R1-3ᵀfrom related species. On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidences, strain R1-3ᵀclearly merits recognition as a novel species of Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas aeria sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R1-3ᵀ(= KCTC 42061ᵀ = JCM 19859ᵀ).