Effects of reactive oxygen species on renal tubular transport

• Published in: American journal of physiology. Renal physiology Vol. 317; no. 2; pp. F444 - F455
• Main Authors: Gonzalez-Vicente, Agustin, Hong, Nancy, Garvin, Jeffrey L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Physiological Society 01.08.2019
• Subjects: Animals; Biological Transport; Calcium transport; Collecting duct; Humans; Hydrogen peroxide; Kidney Tubules - metabolism; Magnesium; Reabsorption; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Review; Sodium; Sodium chloride; Superoxide; Urinary Tract Physiological Phenomena; Urine; sodium; reabsorption; superoxide; water; hydrogen peroxide
• ISSN: 1931-857X; 1522-1466
• DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00604.2018

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in regulating nephron transport both via transcellular and paracellular pathways under physiological and pathological circumstances. Here, we review the progress made in the past ~10 yr in understanding how ROS regulate solute and water transport in individual nephron segments. Our knowledge in this field is still rudimentary, with basic information lacking. This is most obvious when looking at the reported disparate effects of superoxide ([Formula: see text]) and H O on proximal nephron transport, where there are no easy explanations as to how to reconcile the data. Similarly, we know almost nothing about the regulation of transport in thin descending and ascending limbs, information that is likely critical to understanding the urine concentrating mechanism. In the thick ascending limb, there is general agreement that ROS enhance transcellular reabsorption of NaCl, but we know very little about their effects on the paracellular pathway and therefore Ca and Mg transport. In the distal convoluted tubule, precious little is known. In the collecting duct, there is general agreement that ROS stimulate the epithelial Na channel.