Molecular Mechanism Underlying Lymphatic Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer
As the most challenging human malignancies, pancreatic cancer is characterized by its insidious symptoms, low rate of surgical resection, high risk of local invasion, metastasis and recurrence, and overall dismal prognosis. Lymphatic metastasis, above all, is recognized as an early adverse event in...
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Published in | BioMed research international Vol. 2014; no. 2014; pp. 1 - 15 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Cairo, Egypt
Hindawi Puplishing Corporation
01.01.2014
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Hindawi Limited |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | As the most challenging human malignancies, pancreatic cancer is characterized by its insidious symptoms, low rate of surgical resection, high risk of local invasion, metastasis and recurrence, and overall dismal prognosis. Lymphatic metastasis, above all, is recognized as an early adverse event in progression of pancreatic cancer and has been described to be an independent poor prognostic factor. It should be noted that the occurrence of lymphatic metastasis is not a casual or stochastic but an ineluctable and designed event. Increasing evidences suggest that metastasis-initiating cells (MICs) and the microenvironments may act as a double-reed style in this crime. However, the exact mechanisms on how they function synergistically for this dismal clinical course remain largely elusive. Therefore, a better understanding of its molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in pancreatic lymphatic metastasis is urgently required. In this review, we will summarize the latest advances on lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 Academic Editor: Sonshin Takao |
ISSN: | 2314-6133 2314-6141 |
DOI: | 10.1155/2014/925845 |