Structural details and composition of Trichomonas vaginalis lipophosphoglycan in relevance to the epithelial immune function

• Published in: Glycoconjugate journal Vol. 26; no. 1; pp. 3 - 17
• Main Authors: Singh, Bibhuti N., Hayes, Gary R., Lucas, John J., Sommer, Ulf, Viseux, Nelly, Mirgorodskaya, Ekaterina, Trifonova, Radiana T., Sassi, Rosaria Rita S., Costello, Catherine E., Fichorova, Raina N.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston Springer US 01.01.2009; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Birth; Cell Line, Transformed; Ceramide; Cervical cancer; Cervix Uteri - immunology; Cervix Uteri - parasitology; Chemokines; Chemokines - immunology; Cytokines; Enzyme Activation - drug effects; Enzyme Activation - immunology; Epithelial cells; Epithelial Cells - immunology; Extracellular signal-regulated kinase; Female; glycoconjugates; Glycosphingolipids - chemistry; Glycosphingolipids - immunology; Glycosphingolipids - pharmacology; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Hydrolysis; Immune response; Immunology; Infection; Kinases; Life Sciences; Lipophosphoglycans; Male; Mass spectrometry; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 - immunology; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 - immunology; N-acetyllactosamine; NF-B protein; Parasites; Pathology; Polysaccharides; Sexually transmitted diseases; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; STD; Trichomonas vaginalis; Trichomonas vaginalis - chemistry; Trichomonas vaginalis - immunology; Trichomonas Vaginitis - immunology; Trichomoniasis; Vagina - immunology; Vagina - parasitology; NF-κB; Cytokines; Trichomonad LPG; Mass spectrometry; ERK; Vaginal mucosal immunity
• ISSN: 0282-0080; 1573-4986
• DOI: 10.1007/s10719-008-9157-1

Trichomonas vaginalis causes the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection linked to increased risk of premature birth, cervical cancer and HIV. This study defines molecular domains of the parasite surface glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG) with distinct functions in the host immunoinflammatory response. The ceramide phospho-inositol glycan core (CPI-GC) released by mild acid had Mr of ∼8,700 Da determined by MALDI-TOF MS. Rha, GlcN, Gal and Xyl and small amounts of GalN and Glc were found in CPI-GC. N -acetyllactosamine repeats were identified by endo -β-galactosidase treatment followed by MALDI-MS and MS/MS and capLC/ESI-MS/MS analyses. Mild acid hydrolysis led to products rich in internal deoxyhexose residues. The CPI-GC induced chemokine production, NF-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activation in human cervicovaginal epithelial cells, but neither the released saccharide components nor the lipid-devoid LPG showed these activities. These results suggest a dominant role for CPI-GC in the pathogenic epithelial response to trichomoniasis.