Cytotoxic potential of silver nanoparticles

• Published in: Yonsei medical journal Vol. 55; no. 2; pp. 283 - 291
• Main Authors: Zhang, Tianlu, Wang, Liming, Chen, Qiang, Chen, Chunying
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Korea (South) Yonsei University College of Medicine 01.03.2014; 연세대학교의과대학
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Infective Agents - toxicity; Cell Survival - drug effects; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Metal Nanoparticles - toxicity; Mutagenicity Tests; Review; Silver - chemistry; Silver - pharmacology; Silver - toxicity; Tissue Distribution; 의학일반; genotoxicity; risk assessment; cell effects; immunological response; Silver nanoparticles; cytotoxicity
• ISSN: 0513-5796; 1976-2437
• DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2014.55.2.283

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been widely used in industrial, household, and healthcare-related products due to their excellent antimicrobial activity. With increased exposure of AgNPs to human beings, the risk of safety has attracted much attention from the public and scientists. In review of recent studies, we discuss the potential impact of AgNPs on individuals at the cell level. In detail, we highlight the main effects mediated by AgNPs on the cell, such as cell uptake and intracellular distribution, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and immunological responses, as well as some of the major factors that influence these effects in vitro and in vivo, such as dose, time, size, shape, surface chemistry, and cell type. At the end, we summarize the main influences on the cell and indicate the challenges in this field, which may be helpful for assessing the risk of AgNPs in future.