Digitalised exercise material in forensic odontology

• Published in: International journal of legal medicine Vol. 136; no. 1; pp. 381 - 390
• Main Authors: Knivsberg, Ina C., Kopperud, Simen E., Bjørk, Mai-Britt, Torgersen, Gerald, Skramstad, Katarzyna, Kvaal, Sigrid I.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.01.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Age; Age groups; Chronology; Dental materials; Digitization; Distance learning; Educational materials; Exercise; Forensic Medicine; Forensic odontology; Medical Law; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Method Paper; Nondestructive testing; Odontology; Radiographs; Teeth; Digitalised teaching; Forensic education; Hybrid learning; Intraoral scanning
• ISSN: 0937-9827; 1437-1596; 1437-1596
• DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02740-7

Introduction This paper presents digital educational material in forensic odontology, including dental identification after multiple fatalities and dental age estimation from different age groups. Material and method Electronic patient records consisting of intraoral scans of the dentition, digital radiographs, photographs and written dental records were collected. Exercises in age estimations contained digital radiographs and photographs of ground tooth sections, with digital measuring tools and tables according to age groups. The teaching material was organised as a module in an electronic Learning Management System with external links to all relevant teaching material. Results For the identification exercises, intraoral scans and the latest digital radiographs simulated the postmortem examination of the deceased. For comparison, all other radiographs, photographs and dental records were available as antemortem material. The exercise was to match postmortem findings with the antemortem records using the Interpol standard and reconciliation. Age assessment of children used designated tables to grade tooth development on digital radiographs. For adults, non-destructive methods, digital radiographs, photographs and measuring tools were used. Discussion The teaching concept was hybrid, but it can easily be adapted as a fully digital exercise. The instructions and written material can be translated into different languages. The level of difficulty in the exercises can be adjusted according to the participant’s level of knowledge. Conclusion The educational material embraces the new possibilities for digitalisation and intraoral scanning. This might be a valuable tool for motivating and engaging the students in their participation and understanding of the subject.