Supporting Women and Children Returning from Violent Extremist Contexts: Proposing a 5R Framework to Inform Program and Policy Development
Women and children returning from areas formerly controlled by the Islamic State typically have experienced high levels of trauma and indoctrination, further complicating politically fraught efforts at reintegration and resettlement. Consequently, countries around the world are grappling with how be...
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| Published in | Terrorism and political violence Vol. 36; no. 4; pp. 425 - 454 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Routledge
18.05.2024
Taylor & Francis Ltd |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Summary: | Women and children returning from areas formerly controlled by the Islamic State typically have experienced high levels of trauma and indoctrination, further complicating politically fraught efforts at reintegration and resettlement. Consequently, countries around the world are grappling with how best to manage the return of these women and children. To help better understand which types of programming can contribute to the successful, non-violent reintegration of these individuals, we incorporated ideas from existing Repatriation and Rehabilitation (R&R) literature, field practitioners, R&R subject matter experts, and literature from adjacent fields (e.g., refugee resettlement, criminal justice, psychological resilience) into a recommended best practice approach to supporting returning women and children. We propose a shift from "R&R" programming to what we call the "5R" framework: Repatriation/Resettlement, Reintegration, Rehabilitation, and Resilience. This shift provides conceptual clarity related to how different program elements target proximal goals (e.g., wellbeing and personal safety, belonging and opportunity, non-violence, and dignity), and how programming can shift from more centrally- and government-held services to informal and community-based supports. |
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| Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Sewit Yohannes, BS, graduated from the University of Michigan with a BS in Biology, Health, and Society and a BS in African and Afro-American studies. She works as a clinical research assistant at the Trauma and Community Resilience Center. B. Heidi Ellis, PhD, is a Clinical Psychologist and Director of the Trauma and Community Resilience Center at Boston Children’s Hospital and an Associate Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. She has over a decade of research experience in trauma exposure and violence and has helped develop programming in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, North Macedonia, Kosovo, and the United States. Emma Cardeli, PhD, is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over a decade of experience working with culturally and clinically diverse children, adolescents, adults, and families. She is currently an Attending Psychologist & Research Associate at the Trauma & Community Resilience Center at Boston Children’s Hospital, an Instructor in Psychology at Harvard Medical School, and is leading initiatives across the globe focused on building capacity of organizations to provide trauma informed, culturally responsive care. Seetha Davis, BA, is currently an MD-PhD student at Harvard Medical School. Her research focuses on sources of stress and resilience for children and families, including language-concordant healthcare, educational resources for providers, community-based mental health interventions, and child health literacy. Enryka Christopher, MSc, received her MSc in Global Mental Health from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and King’s College London. She works as a research specialist on a variety of projects focused on preventing and combatting extremist violence. John McCoy, PhD, is an expert in violent extremism and countering violent extremism. He is the founder and Executive Director of the Organization for the Prevention of Violence (OPV) where he has spearheaded the development of a research, education, and psycho-social intervention program in Western Canada. Michael King, PhD, is Director of Research at the Organization for the Prevention of Violence, a Canadian NGO that helps individuals disengage from violent extremism. He previously worked at Public Safety Canada, where he helped develop the Government of Canada’s National Strategy on Countering Violence Extremism. Mary Bunn, PhD, LCSW, is a Research Scientist in the Department of Psychiatry and Global Health and Co-Director of the Global Mental Health Research and Training Program at the Center for Global Health. Dr. Bunn’s research focuses on community-based mental health prevention and care interventions for communities affected by war, torture and forced migration. Notes on contributors Stevan Weine, MD, is Professor of Psychiatry at the UIC College of Medicine, where he is also Director of Global Medicine and Director of the Center for Global Health. For 30 years he has been conducting research both with refugees and migrants in the U.S. and in post-conflict countries, focused on mental health, health, and violence prevention. His work has been supported by multiple grants from the NIMH, NICHD, DHS, NIJ, and other state, federal, and private funders, all with collaboration from community partners |
| ISSN: | 0954-6553 1556-1836 1556-1836 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/09546553.2023.2169142 |